《全国儿童健康调查》中的母乳喂养与自闭症谱系障碍。

Breastfeeding and Autism Spectrum Disorder in the National Survey of Children's Health.

机构信息

From the aResearch Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH; bDepartment of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, and cDivision of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

出版信息

Epidemiology. 2015 Jul;26(4):451-7. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000290.

DOI:10.1097/EDE.0000000000000290

PMID:25872161

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Breastfeeding is thought to promote healthy cognitive development. A small number of studies have also reported a protective association between breastfeeding and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The National Survey of Children's Health (2007, 2011), a large nationally representative survey of US children, was examined to determine whether breastfeeding of infants is associated with later development of ASD.

METHODS

Respondents with a child ages 2-5 years (n = 37,901) were queried about whether their child was currently diagnosed with ASD and about their child's breastfeeding history. Additional information was available about child and family health history and family demographics. Survey-weighted logistic regressions were employed to examine ASD diagnosis as associated with several breastfeeding exposure metrics including a history of partial or exclusive breastfeeding for the first 3 or 6 months, and duration of partial or exclusive breastfeeding.

RESULTS

Across models, a current diagnosis of ASD (n = 391) was unassociated with any measure of breastfeeding history. Adjusted odds ratios for categorical breastfeeding exposures ranged from 0.68 (confidence interval [CI] = 0.4, 1.3) for any partial breastfeeding to 0.74 (CI = 0.3, 1.7) for 6 months of exclusive breastfeeding. When exposure was measured continuously, adjusted odds ratios were 1.03 (CI = 0.97, 1.10) for each additional month of partial breastfeeding and 1.04 (CI = 0.96, 1.13) for each additional month of exclusive breastfeeding.

CONCLUSION

These findings call into question the results from the small body of research that has examined this issue to date.

摘要

背景

母乳喂养被认为有助于促进健康的认知发展。少数研究还报告了母乳喂养与自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）之间的保护关联。本研究旨在通过调查美国儿童的全国健康调查（2007 年、2011 年），确定婴儿母乳喂养是否与 ASD 的后期发展有关。

方法

对 2-5 岁儿童的调查对象（n = 37901）询问其子女目前是否被诊断患有 ASD 以及子女的母乳喂养史。还提供了有关儿童和家庭健康史以及家庭人口统计学的其他信息。采用调查加权逻辑回归来检验 ASD 诊断与几种母乳喂养暴露指标之间的关联，包括前 3 个月或前 6 个月部分或完全母乳喂养的历史以及部分或完全母乳喂养的持续时间。

结果

在所有模型中，当前 ASD 诊断（n = 391）与母乳喂养史的任何测量均无关。分类母乳喂养暴露的调整后比值比范围为 0.68（置信区间 [CI] = 0.4, 1.3）（任何部分母乳喂养）至 0.74（CI = 0.3, 1.7）（6 个月的纯母乳喂养）。当暴露连续测量时，部分母乳喂养每增加一个月的调整后比值比为 1.03（CI = 0.97, 1.10），纯母乳喂养每增加一个月的调整后比值比为 1.04（CI = 0.96, 1.13）。