Czaja Sara J, Zarcadoolas Christina, Vaughon Wendy L, Lee Chin Chin, Rockoff Maxine L, Levy Joslyn
University of Miami, Miami, Florida
Hunter College, New York, New York.
Hum Factors. 2015 May;57(3):491-506. doi: 10.1177/0018720814549238. Epub 2014 Sep 5.
The goals of this study were to identify the demands associated with using electronic personal health records (PHRs) and to evaluate the ability of adults of lower socioeconomic status and low health literacy to use PHRs to perform health management activities.
PHRs are proliferating in clinical practices and health care organizations. These systems offer the potential of increasing the active involvement of patients in health self-management. However, little is known about the actual usability of these tools for health consumers.
We used task analysis and health literacy load analysis to identify the cognitive and literacy demands inherent in the use of PHRs and evaluated the usability of three currently available PHR systems with a sample of 54 adults. Participants used the systems to perform tasks related to medication management, interpretation of lab/test results, and health maintenance. Data were also gathered on the participants' perception of the potential value of using a PHR.
The results indicated that a majority of the participants had difficulty completing the tasks and needed assistance. There was some variability according to task and PHR system. However, most participants perceived the use of PHRs as valuable.
Although considered a valuable tool by consumers, the use of PHR systems may be challenging for many people. Strategies are needed to enhance the usability of these systems, especially for people with low literacy, low health literacy, or limited technology skills.
The data from this study have implications for the design of PHRs.
本研究的目的是确定与使用电子个人健康记录（PHR）相关的需求，并评估社会经济地位较低和健康素养较低的成年人使用PHR进行健康管理活动的能力。
PHR在临床实践和医疗保健机构中日益普及。这些系统具有增加患者积极参与健康自我管理的潜力。然而，对于这些工具对健康消费者的实际可用性知之甚少。
我们使用任务分析和健康素养负荷分析来确定使用PHR所固有的认知和素养需求，并以54名成年人作为样本评估了三种现有PHR系统的可用性。参与者使用这些系统执行与药物管理、实验室/检测结果解读以及健康维护相关的任务。还收集了参与者对使用PHR潜在价值的看法的数据。
结果表明，大多数参与者在完成任务时遇到困难且需要帮助。根据任务和PHR系统的不同存在一定差异。然而，大多数参与者认为使用PHR是有价值的。
尽管消费者认为PHR系统是一种有价值的工具，但对许多人来说，使用PHR系统可能具有挑战性。需要采取策略来提高这些系统的可用性，特别是对于识字能力低、健康素养低或技术技能有限的人群。
本研究的数据对PHR的设计具有启示意义。
