Deng Wenjun, Dittoe Dana K, Pavilidis Hilary O, Chaney William E, Yang Yichao, Ricke Steven C
Center of Food Safety, Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States.
Diamond V, Cedar Rapids, IA, United States.
Front Microbiol. 2020 Dec 22;11:583429. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.583429. eCollection 2020.
Poultry has been one of the major contributors of related human foodborne illness. Numerous interventions have been applied to limit colonization in poultry at the farm level, but other strategies are under investigation to achieve more efficient control. Probiotics are viable microbial cultures that can establish in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of the host animal and elicit health and nutrition benefits. In addition, the early establishment of probiotics in the GIT can serve as a barrier to foodborne pathogen colonization. Thus, probiotics are a potential feed additive for reducing and eliminating the colonization of in the GIT of poultry. Screening probiotic candidates is laborious and time-consuming, requiring several tests and validations both and . The selected probiotic candidate should possess the desired physiological characteristics and anti- effects. Probiotics that limit colonization in the GIT rely on different mechanistic strategies such as competitive exclusion, antagonism, and immunomodulation. Although numerous research efforts have been made, the application of limiting probiotics used in poultry remains somewhat elusive. This review summarizes current research progress on identifying and developing probiotics against and presenting possible directions for future research efforts.
家禽一直是人类食源性疾病的主要来源之一。在农场层面已采取了多种干预措施来限制家禽体内的（某种病菌，原文未明确）定植，但仍在研究其他策略以实现更有效的控制。益生菌是可行的微生物培养物，可在宿主动物的胃肠道（GIT）中定植，并带来健康和营养益处。此外，益生菌在胃肠道中的早期定植可作为食源性病原体定植的屏障。因此，益生菌是一种潜在的饲料添加剂，可减少和消除家禽胃肠道中（某种病菌，原文未明确）的定植。筛选益生菌候选菌株既费力又耗时，需要进行多项测试和验证，包括体内和体外的。所选的益生菌候选菌株应具备所需的生理特性和抗（某种病菌，原文未明确）作用。限制胃肠道中（某种病菌，原文未明确）定植的益生菌依赖于不同的机制策略，如竞争排斥、拮抗作用和免疫调节。尽管已经进行了大量研究工作，但在家禽中使用的限制（某种病菌，原文未明确）的益生菌的应用仍有些难以捉摸。本综述总结了目前在鉴定和开发抗（某种病菌，原文未明确）益生菌方面的研究进展，并为未来的研究工作提出了可能的方向。
