Knudsen Anne Wilkens, Naver Astrid, Bisgaard Karen, Nordgaard-Lassen Inge, Becker Ulrik, Krag Aleksander, Slinde Frode
Gastrounit, Medical Division, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre , Hvidovre , Denmark.
Scand J Gastroenterol. 2015;50(10):1191-8. doi: 10.3109/00365521.2015.1028994. Epub 2015 Apr 15.
Malnutrition is common among patients with diseases of the liver and gastrointestinal tract. Nutritional intake may be negatively affected by nutrition impact symptoms (NIS). Therefore, the aims were to assess: 1) the prevalence of NIS in this group of patients and 2) the relationship between NIS and nutritional status as well as nutritional risk.
We performed a cross-sectional study among patients with liver disease, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer or pancreatitis. Nutritional risk was assessed by the NRS-2002. Nutritional status was assessed by body mass index (BMI) and handgrip strength (HGS), which were both measured within 5 days after admission. NIS were assessed by the Eating Symptoms Questionnaire (ESQ) and the Disease-Related Appetite Questionnaire (DRAQ).
In total, 126 patients were included (women 39%) with a mean BMI of 24 ± 5 kg/m(2). The prevalence of low HGS was 38%, and the prevalence of those at nutritional risk was 58%. The number of NIS reported by 50% of the patients were 4 or more in the ESQ and 5 or more in the DRAQ. Patients who were both at nutritional risk and had a low HGS more frequently reported difficulties swallowing, poor appetite, feeling full after having one-fourth of the meal and food tasting bad.
NIS that preclude food intake are very frequent among patients with diseases of the liver and gastrointestinal tract. Specific NIS are associated with low HGS, weight loss and being at nutritional risk.
营养不良在肝脏和胃肠道疾病患者中很常见。营养摄入可能会受到营养影响症状（NIS）的负面影响。因此，本研究旨在评估：1）该组患者中NIS的患病率；2）NIS与营养状况以及营养风险之间的关系。
我们对肝病、炎症性肠病、癌症或胰腺炎患者进行了一项横断面研究。采用NRS - 2002评估营养风险。通过体重指数（BMI）和握力（HGS）评估营养状况，两者均在入院后5天内测量。通过饮食症状问卷（ESQ）和疾病相关食欲问卷（DRAQ）评估NIS。
总共纳入了126例患者（女性占39%），平均BMI为24±5kg/m²。低HGS的患病率为38%，营养风险患者的患病率为58%。50%的患者在ESQ中报告的NIS数量为4个或更多，在DRAQ中为5个或更多。同时存在营养风险和低HGS的患者更常报告吞咽困难、食欲不佳、进食四分之一后就感觉饱了以及食物味道不好。
在肝脏和胃肠道疾病患者中，妨碍食物摄入的NIS非常常见。特定的NIS与低HGS、体重减轻和营养风险相关。
