Department of Integrated Education, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nutrition Course, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2020 Dec 15;15(12):e0241305. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241305. eCollection 2020.
Nutrition impact symptoms (NIS) are common in cancer patients and the negative impacts on nutritional status indicate the need for research, diagnosis and nutritional intervention in order to reduce the risk of malnutrition. We aimed to verify the presence of malnutrition, the need for nutritional intervention, NIS and their influence on the nutritional status of surgical patients with cancer.
This cross-sectional study was carried out in a public tertiary hospital, from March 2017 to October 2019. Nutritional status, the need for nutritional intervention and NIS were assessed through the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) in the first 48 hours of hospital admission.
Among the 135 patients evaluated, 55.6% were elderly and 51.1% were male; patients had a median age of 62 years and a predominance of cancer located in the lower gastrointestinal tract (35.6%). Malnutrition and the need for nutritional intervention were identified in 60.0% and 90.4% of cases, respectively. The presence of three or more NIS was reported by 51.9% of patients. Significant differences in NIS were observed according to sex, PG-SGA classification and PG-SGA score. After logistic regression analysis, it was determined that the symptoms that increased the chances of malnutrition were anorexia, constipation, strange taste, mouth sores and others (depression, dental or financial problems).
Malnutrition, the need for nutritional intervention and the presence of three or more NIS were elevated in the patients evaluated. Malnutrition was associated with the presence of NIS, indicating the need for attention and care in antineoplastic treatment.
营养相关不良症状（NIS）在癌症患者中较为常见，其对营养状况的负面影响提示需要进行研究、诊断和营养干预，以降低营养不良的风险。我们旨在验证癌症手术患者的营养不良、营养干预需求、NIS 及其对营养状况的影响的存在情况。
这是一项横断面研究，于 2017 年 3 月至 2019 年 10 月在一家公立三级医院进行。在入院后 48 小时内，通过患者主观整体评估（PG-SGA）评估营养状况、营养干预需求和 NIS。
在评估的 135 例患者中，55.6%为老年人，51.1%为男性；患者中位年龄为 62 岁，下消化道癌症居多（35.6%）。60.0%和 90.4%的患者分别存在营养不良和营养干预需求。51.9%的患者报告存在 3 种或更多 NIS。NIS 的存在存在性别、PG-SGA 分类和 PG-SGA 评分的显著差异。经逻辑回归分析，确定厌食、便秘、味觉异常、口腔溃疡和其他症状（抑郁、牙齿或财务问题）使发生营养不良的几率增加。
评估的患者中，营养不良、营养干预需求和 3 种或更多 NIS 的存在较高。营养不良与 NIS 的存在相关，提示在抗肿瘤治疗中需要关注和护理。
