Villeponteau Bryant, Matsagas Kennedy, Nobles Amber C, Rizza Cristina, Horwitz Marc, Benford Gregory, Mockett Robin J
Genescient Inc., Fountain Valley, California, United States of America.
University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2015 Apr 16;10(4):e0119068. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119068. eCollection 2015.
Genetic studies indicate that aging is modulated by a great number of genetic pathways. We have used Drosophila longevity and stress assays to test a multipath intervention strategy. To carry out this strategy, we supplemented the flies with herbal extracts (SC100) that are predicted to modulate the expression of many genes involved in aging and stress resistance, such as mTOR, NOS, NF-KappaB, and VEGF. When flies were housed in large cages with SC100 added, daily mortality rates of both male and female flies were greatly diminished in mid to late life. Surprisingly, SC100 also stabilized midlife mortality rate increases so as to extend the maximum life span substantially beyond the limits previously reported for D. melanogaster. Under these conditions, SC100 also promoted robust resistance to partial starvation stress and to heat stress. Fertility was the same initially in both treated and control flies, but it became significantly higher in treated flies at older ages as the fertility of control flies declined. Mean and maximum life spans of flies in vials at the same test site were also extended by SC100, but the life spans were short in absolute terms. In contrast, at an independent test site where stress was minimized, the flies exhibited much longer mean life spans, but the survival curves became highly rectangular and the effects of SC100 on both mean and maximum life spans declined greatly or were abolished. The data indicate that SC100 is a novel herbal mix with striking effects on enhancing Drosophila stress resistance and life span in some environments, while minimizing mid to late life mortality rates. They also show that the environment and other factors can have transformative effects on both the length and distribution of survivorship, and on the ability of SC100 to extend the life span.
基因研究表明，衰老受大量基因通路的调控。我们利用果蝇寿命和应激试验来测试一种多途径干预策略。为实施该策略，我们给果蝇补充了草本提取物（SC100），预计这些提取物可调节许多与衰老和抗应激相关基因的表达，如mTOR、NOS、NF-κB和VEGF。当果蝇饲养在添加了SC100的大笼子里时，雌雄果蝇在中年和晚年的每日死亡率都大幅降低。令人惊讶的是，SC100还稳定了中年死亡率的上升，从而使最大寿命大幅延长，超过了先前报道的黑腹果蝇的寿命极限。在这些条件下，SC100还增强了果蝇对部分饥饿应激和热应激的强大抵抗力。处理组和对照组果蝇最初的生育能力相同，但随着对照组果蝇生育能力下降，处理组果蝇在老年时的生育能力显著提高。在同一测试地点的小瓶中饲养的果蝇，其平均寿命和最大寿命也因SC100而延长，但绝对寿命较短。相比之下，在一个将应激降至最低的独立测试地点，果蝇的平均寿命长得多，但生存曲线变得高度矩形化，SC100对平均寿命和最大寿命的影响大幅下降或消失。数据表明，SC100是一种新型草本混合物，在某些环境中对增强果蝇抗应激能力和寿命具有显著效果，同时将中年和晚年死亡率降至最低。数据还表明，环境和其他因素可对生存时间的长度和分布以及SC100延长寿命的能力产生变革性影响。
