Pessoa Grasielle Caldas D'Ávila, Pinheiro Letícia Cavalari, Ferraz Marcela Lencine, de Mello Bernardino Vaz, Diotaiuti Liléia
Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou, Av Augusto de Lima, 1715 Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 30190-002, Brazil.
Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de Minas Gerais, Rodovia Prefeito Américo Gianetti, s/n., 0 - Serra Verde, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31.630-901, Brazil.
Parasit Vectors. 2015 Feb 19;8:109. doi: 10.1186/s13071-015-0726-4.
Increasing reports of high-resistant Triatominae populations concerns scientists and sanitarians as little is known about the factors behind the occurrence of such phenotype and its real impact on vector control strategies. Moreover, the utilization of a large variety of methodologies hinder the comparison of the reported studies.
This work aims to review laboratory bioassays, redefining the assessed biological features (age, generation and insecticide application area) and technical procedures (mortality recording time and the ideal diagnostic dose).
Results were not influenced by the insecticide application area in nymphs or by their generation. Three days-old specimen's revealed lower susceptibility to the tested insecticide. We determined that it is more appropriate to record mortality 72 h after treatment with insecticide, as well as using a diagnostic dose of 1xDL₉₉.
This work suggests more adequate methodological parameters for assessing insecticide resistance in triatomines, which also allows the comparison of results obtained by different research groups. For laboratory bioassays, we recommend: 1) the use of first instar nymphs from first or second generation; 2) 3 day-old specimens; 2) application of insecticide in the dorsal or ventral abdomen area; 3) mortality recording 72 h after treatment with pyrethroids and 4) a diagnostic dose of 1x LD₉₉.
关于高抗性锥蝽种群的报道日益增多，这引起了科学家和卫生工作者的关注，因为对于这种表型出现背后的因素及其对病媒控制策略的实际影响知之甚少。此外，大量方法的使用阻碍了对已报道研究的比较。
这项工作旨在回顾实验室生物测定，重新定义评估的生物学特征（年龄、世代和杀虫剂施用部位）和技术程序（死亡率记录时间和理想诊断剂量）。
若虫的杀虫剂施用部位或其世代对结果没有影响。三日龄的样本对测试杀虫剂的敏感性较低。我们确定，在使用杀虫剂处理72小时后记录死亡率以及使用1xDL₉₉的诊断剂量更为合适。
这项工作提出了更合适的方法学参数来评估锥蝽的抗药性，这也使得不同研究小组获得的结果能够进行比较。对于实验室生物测定，我们建议：1）使用第一代或第二代的一龄若虫；2）三日龄的样本；2）在腹部背面或腹面施用杀虫剂；3）在使用拟除虫菊酯处理72小时后记录死亡率；4）诊断剂量为1x LD₉₉。
