玻利维亚波托西省托罗托罗市的家栖和野栖刺桐红彩丽盲蝽种群对溴氰菊酯的抗性。
Resistance to deltamethrin by domestic and wild Triatoma infestans populations in the municipality of Toro Toro, Potosi, Bolivia.
机构信息
Laboratório de Referência Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ-M G, Belo Horizonte, Brasil.
CEADES Salud y Medio Ambiente/Plataforma Chagas, Cochabamba, Bolivia.
出版信息
Parasit Vectors. 2018 Feb 17;11(1):92. doi: 10.1186/s13071-018-2663-5.
BACKGROUND
Chemical control with pyrethroid insecticides has been effective in reducing endemic areas of distribution of Triatoma infestans in the Southern Cone, as well as Bolivia; this had considerably reduced the infestation of households in a large part of the territory. Nowadays, areas such as the Chaco and the Inter-Andean Valleys are regions where the reach of vector control strategies is becoming limited, and infestations of insecticide-treated households are reported more often. The objective of this study was to determine if the persistence of T. infestans stems from changes in the susceptibility of its toxicological profile in four communities in the municipality of Toro Toro, Potosi, Bolivia.
METHODS
Susceptibility to deltamethrin of wild and domestic populations of T. infestans was evaluated in two stages (16 populations before and 13 populations after spraying) among DUs (structures in the intra- and peridomicile) and wild ecotopes, in four communities. Serial dilutions of deltamethrin in acetone (0.2 μl) were applied topically on standardized first-stage nymphs. Dose-response results were analyzed with the software PoloPlus and the relationships between lethal doses (LD) and resistance ratios (RR) were determined.
RESULTS
Different degrees of RR were detected among the populations before and after spraying (25.66-54.70 and 21.91-40.67, respectively), as well as in different ecotopes within a DU (DU JC 3, 28.06-36.13, in mixed structures of corrals and chicken coops; and DU JG 3, 46.27-25.70, in kitchen roofs), or in the wild environment of the community JG Sil (29.21-40.67). The mortality of insects undergoing diagnostic dose (DD) was never higher than 34%.
CONCLUSION
The results obtained in this study showed resistance of T. infestans to deltamethrin in four communities, hence the complexity of this phenomenon is not only limited to the level of communities, but also applies to the microgeographical level, as in different ecotopes present within the DUs. This phenomenon should be considered while planning the activities of control programs.
背景
在南锥体地区以及玻利维亚，使用拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂进行化学防治已有效地减少了三带喙库蚊的流行地区，从而大大减少了大片领土内家庭的感染率。如今，查科和安第斯山谷等地区是矢量控制策略的范围正在受到限制的区域，并且报告了更多经杀虫剂处理的家庭被感染的情况。本研究的目的是确定托罗托罗市，玻利维亚波托西省的四个社区中，三带喙库蚊的持久性是否源于其毒理学特征的敏感性变化。
方法
在四个社区的居民点内和周围环境（DU）和野外生态位中，对 16 个种群进行了野外和家养的三带喙库蚊种群对溴氰菊酯的敏感性评估（在喷洒前），并对 13 个种群进行了评估（在喷洒后）。用丙酮（0.2 μl）对标准化的第一龄若虫进行溴氰菊酯的连续稀释，并对致死剂量（LD）和抗性比（RR）的关系进行分析。
结果
在喷洒前后，不同的种群之间都检测到了不同程度的 RR（分别为 25.66-54.70 和 21.91-40.67），在 DU 内的不同生态位（DU JC 3，混合结构的畜栏和鸡舍，28.06-36.13；和 DU JG 3，厨房屋顶，46.27-25.70），或在 JG Sil 社区的野外环境中（29.21-40.67）。经过诊断剂量（DD）处理的昆虫死亡率从未超过 34%。
结论
本研究在四个社区中均发现了三带喙库蚊对溴氰菊酯的抗性，因此，这种现象的复杂性不仅限于社区层面，而且还适用于微地理层面，例如在 DU 内存在的不同生态位。在规划控制计划的活动时应考虑到这一现象。
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