Slavin Joanne L
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, Minneapolis, MN, 55108, USA.
Nutr J. 2015 Feb 7;14:15. doi: 10.1186/s12937-015-0001-8.
In my over three decades of work in the field of food and nutrition, I have participated in many efforts that seek new policy initiatives in the hopes that these programs can curb rates of obesity and chronic disease and help consumers make healthier dietary choices. Because of the profound effect that many of these policies have on consumers, the food environment, federal nutrition assistance programs and subsequent policy and regulatory recommendations, it is imperative that only the strongest, best available evidence is used to set policy. This review evaluates methods by which current nutrition policies use scientific research as well as provides recommendations for how best to ensure future nutrition policies are truly science-based and likely to have a meaningful impact on public health. Specifically, this review will: Describe the current food and nutrition policy environment in the US Examine how science is used in federal food and nutrition policymaking efforts, using the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) as an example Describe strong versus weak science as well as what types of studies are most appropriate for use in policymaking Discuss the potential effects and consequences of making policy recommendations in the absence of scientific consensus or agreement Make recommendations to support the present and ongoing development of science-based policy likely to positively impact public health.
在我超过三十年的食品与营养领域工作中,我参与了许多旨在寻求新政策举措的努力,希望这些项目能够遏制肥胖率和慢性病发病率,并帮助消费者做出更健康的饮食选择。由于其中许多政策对消费者、食品环境、联邦营养援助项目以及后续的政策和监管建议都有着深远影响,因此至关重要的是,只有最有力、最可靠的证据才能用于制定政策。本综述评估了当前营养政策运用科学研究的方法,并就如何最好地确保未来营养政策真正以科学为基础且可能对公众健康产生有意义的影响提供建议。具体而言,本综述将:描述美国当前的食品与营养政策环境;以《美国膳食指南》(DGA)为例,审视科学在联邦食品与营养政策制定工作中的运用方式;描述强科学与弱科学,以及何种类型的研究最适合用于政策制定;讨论在缺乏科学共识或一致意见的情况下做出政策建议的潜在影响和后果;提出建议以支持当前及正在进行的基于科学的政策制定,这些政策可能对公众健康产生积极影响。