Dufner Annette, Harris John
University of Münster, Münster, Germany University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
University of Münster, Münster, Germany University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
J Med Philos. 2015 Jun;40(3):328-41. doi: 10.1093/jmp/jhv002. Epub 2015 Apr 18.
A recent organ distribution scandal in Germany raises questions of general importance on which many thousands of lives may well depend. The scandal in Germany has produced reactions that are likely to occur whenever and wherever distribution irregularities occur and become public knowledge. After it had become known that physicians in three German hospitals were in the habit of manipulating records in order to fast-track their patients' cases, the country experienced a decrease of available organs by a staggering 40% in October 2012. Even though this loss of trust by donors and their families is understandable, and potentially a legitimate form of protest against wrongful distribution, the withdrawal of agreement to serve as a posthumous donor in response to irregularities also inevitably results in avoidable poor outcomes for highly vulnerable individuals. In this paper, we provide a moral analysis of such dilemmas and make recommendations as to the way forward.
德国近期发生的器官分配丑闻引发了一些具有普遍重要性的问题，成千上万的生命可能都取决于这些问题。德国的这起丑闻所引发的反应，很可能在任何出现分配违规行为并成为公众知晓的事件中都会出现。在得知德国三家医院的医生习惯于操纵记录以加快其患者的病例处理进程后，该国在2012年10月可用器官数量惊人地减少了40%。尽管捐赠者及其家属失去信任是可以理解的，而且这可能是对不当分配的一种合理抗议形式，但因违规行为而撤回作为身后器官捐赠者的同意，也不可避免地会给极易受伤害的个体带来可避免的不良后果。在本文中，我们对这类困境进行了道德分析，并就未来的发展方向提出了建议。
