Chemical constituents and biological activities of Albizia myriophylla wood.

CONTEXT

Albizia myriophylla Benth (Leguminosae) is a medicinal plant widely used in Thailand and other Asian countries as a folk medicine remedy for many ailments.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study is to investigate the chemical compositions, antibacterial activity, and cytotoxicity of A. myriophylla wood.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The structure identification of the isolated compounds was established using spectroscopic methods. In vitro antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus and the cytotoxicity against KB cells of extracts and compounds from A. myriophylla were performed using broth microdilution and resazurin microplate assays, respectively. The lupinifolin content in A. myriophylla extracts was quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography.

RESULTS

A rare flavan-3,4-diol (1) together with eight known compounds (2-9) were isolated from the wood of A. myriophylla. Compounds 4-9 exhibited anti-S. mutans activity, of which lupinifolin (5) was the most potent with an MIC value of 0.98 µg/mL, followed by its dihydroxy derivative 4 with an MIC value of 62.5 µg/mL. Compounds 4 and 5 also displayed marked antibacterial activity against B. cereus and S. aureus (MIC value 15.63-125 µg/mL) and showed strong cytotoxic activity against KB cells (IC50 value 4.95-12.55 µg/mL). The lupinifolin contents in ethanol extracts from two different collections of this plant originating from central and southern Thailand were 93.85 and 0.04 mg/g, respectively.

CONCLUSION

This is the first report of compounds 1-4 from A. myriophylla. Compounds 4 and 5 showed potent antibacterial and cytotoxic activities compared with other isolates. The anti-S. mutans activity of A. myriophylla extracts seems to be related to the lupinifolin content.