Lopresti Adrian L
School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia.
, 4/165 Summerlakes Pde, Ballajura, WA, 6066, Australia.
Atten Defic Hyperact Disord. 2015 Dec;7(4):237-47. doi: 10.1007/s12402-015-0170-5. Epub 2015 Apr 19.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has a complex aetiology although theories associated with disturbances in dopaminergic and noradrenergic activity are most commonly cited. The importance of these catecholamines in ADHD is supported by its effective treatment utilising stimulant and non-stimulant medications that modify their activity. Recently, there has been interest in oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS) in ADHD and its potential to contribute to this condition. In this article, research investigating O&NS in ADHD is reviewed and its impact on catecholaminergic activity and neurological structure is discussed. Lifestyle, environmental, psychological and nutritional influences on O&NS in people with ADHD are reviewed, and evidence for the therapeutic efficacy of antioxidant-related therapies is assessed. A selection of interventions with antioxidant mechanisms is presented as potential options for the treatment of ADHD. However, further research is required to help elucidate the role of O&NS and antioxidants for the prevention and management of ADHD.
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）病因复杂，尽管多巴胺能和去甲肾上腺素能活动紊乱相关理论最为常见。这些儿茶酚胺在ADHD中的重要性得到了利用改变其活性的兴奋剂和非兴奋剂药物进行有效治疗的支持。最近，人们对ADHD中的氧化应激和亚硝化应激（O&NS）及其导致这种疾病的可能性产生了兴趣。本文回顾了ADHD中O&NS的研究，并讨论了其对儿茶酚胺能活动和神经结构的影响。综述了生活方式、环境、心理和营养对ADHD患者O&NS的影响，并评估了抗氧化相关疗法治疗效果的证据。介绍了一系列具有抗氧化机制的干预措施，作为治疗ADHD的潜在选择。然而，需要进一步研究以阐明O&NS和抗氧化剂在ADHD预防和管理中的作用。
