Xu Yun-zhang, Ren Ye, Wang Jing-xia, Sun Mei, Zhao Xiao-yan, Liu Yuan
Zhong Yao Cai. 2014 Oct;37(10):1743-8.
To research the dynamic accumulation of ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rg2, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, Rd, Rg3 and pseudo-ginsenosides F11,RT5, which was grown from one- to five-year-old and harvested from May to September of Panax quinquefolium root in Canada.
RP-HPLC-ELSD was adopted. The analysis was performed on a Dimaonsil C18 (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column, the mobile phase was acetonitrile (A)-deionized water (B) in gradient elution mode. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and column temperature was set at 30 °C. The carrier gas was nitrogen with flow rate of 2.8 L/min, the drift tube temperature was 100 °C, and the injection volume was 10 μL. The principle component analysis and cluster analysis of SPSS software (version 19.0) were conducted for the data analysis.
The RP-HPLC-ELSD method for determining simultaneously nine ginsenosides and two pseudo-ginsenosides was established. The total content of ginsenosides of one- to two-year-old was low and increased from May to September in each year. That of three- to five-year-old declined from June to July and increased from August, and was the highest in September of three- to five-year-old samples. The total content from September of three-year-old samples was similar. The content of nine ginsenosides and two pseudo-ginsenosides was relatively high in all the samples except ginsenoside Rc, which wasn't determined in some samples. The ginsenosides Rd, Rb3 and pseudo-ginsenoside F11 were higher than others. The principle component analysis results showed that ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, Rg3 and pseudo-ginsenosides F11,RT5 could be the characteristic ginsenosides of Panax quinquefolium root in Canada. The cluster analysis indicated that the chemical constituent and dynamic accumulation of ginsenosides of one- to two-year-old was similar except the sample of July of four-year-old and there was no obvious difference of three- to five-year-old.
With the consideration of the content of ginsenoside, cultivation cost of four- to five-year-old, and risk of waterlogging and plant diseases, it is suggested that Panax quinquefolium root from September of three-year-old can be regarded as the same quality.
研究加拿大种植的1至5年生西洋参根中人参皂苷Rg1、Re、Rb1、Rg2、Rc、Rb2、Rb3、Rd、Rg3及拟人参皂苷F11、RT5的动态积累情况，采收时间为5月至9月。
采用RP-HPLC-ELSD法。分析在Dimaonsil C18（250 mm×4.6 mm，5μm）色谱柱上进行，流动相为乙腈（A）-去离子水（B），采用梯度洗脱模式。流速为1.0 mL/min，柱温设定为30℃。载气为氮气，流速为2.8 L/min，漂移管温度为100℃，进样量为10μL。采用SPSS软件（版本19.0）进行主成分分析和聚类分析以进行数据分析。
建立了同时测定9种人参皂苷和2种拟人参皂苷的RP-HPLC-ELSD方法。1至2年生西洋参根中人参皂苷总含量较低，且每年5月至9月呈上升趋势。3至5年生西洋参根中人参皂苷总含量6月至7月下降，8月开始上升，在9月含量最高，3年生西洋参根9月的总含量与之相近。除人参皂苷Rc在部分样品中未检出外，所有样品中9种人参皂苷和2种拟人参皂苷的含量相对较高。人参皂苷Rd、Rb3及拟人参皂苷F11的含量高于其他成分。主成分分析结果表明，人参皂苷Rg1、Re、Rb1、Rc、Rb2、Rb3、Rg3及拟人参皂苷F11、RT5可能是加拿大西洋参根的特征性人参皂苷。聚类分析表明，1至2年生西洋参根中人参皂苷的化学成分和动态积累情况相似，除4年生7月的样品外，3至5年生西洋参根中人参皂苷的化学成分和动态积累情况无明显差异。
综合考虑人参皂苷含量、4至5年生西洋参的种植成本以及水涝和植物病害风险，建议将3年生9月采收的西洋参根视为同等质量。
