Kennedy Eileen, Branca Francesco, Webb Patrick, Bhutta Zulfigar, Brown Rebecca
Food Nutr Bull. 2015 Mar;36(1 Suppl):S9-14. doi: 10.1177/15648265150361S102.
Moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) and severe acute malnutrition (SAM) continue to exist at unacceptably high levels. There is a renewed momentum to dramatically improve nutritional status and decrease rates of malnutrition of all kinds. Although much focus is on the first 1,000 days, the period from conception to age 2 years, in relation to growth retardation (or stunting), it is just as important to pay adequate attention to wasting as a major contributor to both morbidity and mortality.
This paper reviews what is known about effective approaches for treatment and prevention of MAM and SAM, highlights nutrition blind spots in our strategies, and identifies programmatic and research gaps that, if addressed, will enhance our understanding of the menu of cost-effective approaches to alleviate acute forms of malnutrition.
The paper synthesizes presentations from the opening session of a May 2014 International Atomic Energy Agency symposium on Moderate Acute Malnutrition held in Vienna, Austria.
Although understanding of efficacious approaches to the treatment and prevention of MAM and SAM has recently improved, the evidence base for informed policies and programs remains limited.
If priority evidence gaps can be urgently addressed, our understanding of the menu of cost-effective interventions to alleviate acute forms of malnutrition will be considerably enhanced and the potential for impact at global scale significantly increased.
中度急性营养不良（MAM）和重度急性营养不良（SAM）的存在水平仍然高得令人无法接受。当前出现了新的势头，要大力改善营养状况并降低各类营养不良的发生率。尽管人们大多关注从受孕到2岁这一与生长发育迟缓（或发育迟缓）相关的“最初1000天”，但同样重要的是，要充分重视消瘦问题，因为它是导致发病和死亡的一个主要因素。
本文回顾了关于治疗和预防中度急性营养不良及重度急性营养不良的有效方法的已知情况，强调了我们战略中的营养盲点，并确定了方案和研究方面的差距，若能解决这些差距，将增进我们对一系列具有成本效益的缓解急性营养不良方法的理解。
本文综合了2014年5月在奥地利维也纳举行的国际原子能机构关于中度急性营养不良研讨会开幕式上的发言内容。
尽管近期对治疗和预防中度急性营养不良及重度急性营养不良的有效方法的认识有所提高，但为明智的政策和方案提供依据的证据基础仍然有限。
如果能紧急解决优先证据差距，我们对一系列具有成本效益的缓解急性营养不良干预措施的理解将得到显著增强，在全球范围内产生影响的潜力也将大幅提高。
