Dolz Noé, Babot Daniel, Álvarez-Rodríguez Javier, Forcada Fernando
Departamento de Producción Animal-Agrotecnio Center, Universidad de Lleida, Avda. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Universidad de Zaragoza, C/ Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain.
Int J Biometeorol. 2015 Dec;59(12):1839-47. doi: 10.1007/s00484-015-0991-0. Epub 2015 Apr 26.
This study aimed at evaluating the use of polypropylene fabrics in weaned pig facilities (5-10 weeks of age) during the winter period to improve thermal environment and energy saving for heating. Two experiments were conducted to validate the effects of fabrics (F) compared to control (C) in three 2-week periods using natural ventilation (assay 1, 2013) and forced ventilation (assay 2, 2014). Air temperature was greater in F than in C compartments in both years, particularly during the first 2-week periods (2 °C of mean difference). Natural ventilation was not enough to maintain relative humidity levels below 70 % at the end of the postweaning period (9-10 weeks of age) in both groups (F and C), whereas forced ventilation allowed controlling daily mean relative humidity levels <60 %. About 12-26 % of the radiant heat was transmitted through the fabrics cover, depending on the wavelength. There were no differences on growth performance of piglets in the two compartments in both years. The use of polypropylene fabrics was associated with a significant electric energy saving for heating during the first (data available only in 2014) and second 2-week period in both years. In conclusion, polypropylene fabrics may be an interesting tool to provide optimal environmental conditions for weaned piglets in winter, especially during the two first weeks after weaning. Their transmittance properties allow trapping infrared emission produced by the piglets and heating, avoiding heat losses through the roof, and therefore saving heating energy.
本研究旨在评估冬季断奶仔猪设施（5至10周龄）中聚丙烯织物的使用，以改善热环境并节省加热能耗。进行了两项实验，在三个为期2周的时间段内，分别使用自然通风（实验1，2013年）和强制通风（实验2，2014年），验证织物（F）与对照（C）相比的效果。在这两年中，F组隔栏内的气温均高于C组，尤其是在最初的2周时间段内（平均相差2℃）。在断奶后期（9至10周龄）结束时，两组（F组和C组）通过自然通风都不足以将相对湿度维持在70%以下，而强制通风则能将每日平均相对湿度控制在<60%。根据波长不同，约12%至26%的辐射热透过织物覆盖层。在这两年中，两个隔栏内仔猪的生长性能均无差异。在这两年的第一个（仅2014年有数据）和第二个2周时间段内，使用聚丙烯织物均显著节省了加热所需的电能。总之，聚丙烯织物可能是一种有趣的工具，可为冬季断奶仔猪提供最佳环境条件，尤其是在断奶后的头两周。其透光特性能够捕获仔猪产生的红外辐射并用于加热，避免热量通过屋顶散失，从而节省加热能源。
