Department of Behavioral Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden Linnaeus Centre HEAD, The Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
Department of Behavioral Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden Linnaeus Centre HEAD, The Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden Audiology/ENT & EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Trends Hear. 2015 Apr 24;19:2331216515579127. doi: 10.1177/2331216515579127.
This study evaluated how hearing-impaired listeners perceive native (Swedish) and nonnative (English) speech in the presence of noise- and speech maskers. Speech reception thresholds were measured for four different masker types for each target language. The maskers consisted of stationary and fluctuating noise and two-talker babble in Swedish and English. Twenty-three hearing-impaired native Swedish listeners participated, aged between 28 and 65 years. The participants also performed cognitive tests of working memory capacity in Swedish and English, nonverbal reasoning, and an English proficiency test. Results indicated that the speech maskers were more interfering than the noise maskers in both target languages. The larger need for phonetic and semantic cues in a nonnative language makes a stationary masker relatively more challenging than a fluctuating-noise masker. Better hearing acuity (pure tone average) was associated with better perception of the target speech in Swedish, and better English proficiency was associated with better speech perception in English. Larger working memory and better pure tone averages were related to the better perception of speech masked with fluctuating noise in the nonnative language. This suggests that both are relevant in highly taxing conditions. A large variance in performance between the listeners was observed, especially for speech perception in the nonnative language.
本研究评估了听力受损的听众在噪声和语音掩蔽下感知母语（瑞典语）和非母语（英语）语音的能力。针对每种目标语言的四种不同掩蔽类型测量了言语接受阈值。掩蔽器由瑞典语和英语中的稳态噪声和波动噪声以及双说话人背景噪声组成。23 名听力受损的母语为瑞典语的参与者年龄在 28 至 65 岁之间。参与者还进行了瑞典语和英语的工作记忆容量认知测试、非言语推理和英语水平测试。结果表明，在两种目标语言中，语音掩蔽器比噪声掩蔽器的干扰更大。在非母语中，对语音和语义线索的需求更大，使得稳态掩蔽器比波动噪声掩蔽器更具挑战性。更好的听力（纯音平均值）与在瑞典语中更好地感知目标语音相关，更好的英语水平与在英语中更好地感知语音相关。更大的工作记忆和更好的纯音平均值与在非母语中波动噪声掩蔽下更好地感知语音相关。这表明在高要求的情况下，两者都很重要。在非母语语音感知方面，参与者之间的表现差异很大。
