Halbroth Benedict R, Draper Simon J
The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Adv Parasitol. 2015 Apr;88:1-49. doi: 10.1016/bs.apar.2015.03.001. Epub 2015 Mar 30.
The development of a highly effective malaria vaccine remains a key goal to aid in the control and eventual eradication of this devastating parasitic disease. The field has made huge strides in recent years, with the first-generation vaccine RTS,S showing modest efficacy in a Phase III clinical trial. The updated 2030 Malaria Vaccine Technology Roadmap calls for a second generation vaccine to achieve 75% efficacy over two years for both Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, and for a vaccine that can prevent malaria transmission. Whole-parasite immunisation approaches and combinations of pre-erythrocytic subunit vaccines are now reporting high-level efficacy, whilst exciting new approaches to the development of blood-stage and transmission-blocking vaccine subunit components are entering clinical development. The development of a highly effective multi-component multi-stage subunit vaccine now appears to be a realistic ambition. This review will cover these recent developments in malaria vaccinology.
开发一种高效的疟疾疫苗仍然是帮助控制并最终根除这种毁灭性寄生虫病的关键目标。近年来该领域取得了巨大进展，第一代疫苗RTS,S在III期临床试验中显示出一定疗效。更新后的《2030年疟疾疫苗技术路线图》要求第二代疫苗对恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫在两年内达到75%的疗效，并要求开发出一种能够预防疟疾传播的疫苗。全寄生虫免疫方法和红细胞前期亚单位疫苗组合目前报告了高水平的疗效，同时血期和传播阻断疫苗亚单位成分开发的令人兴奋的新方法正在进入临床开发阶段。开发一种高效的多组分多阶段亚单位疫苗现在似乎是一个现实的目标。本综述将涵盖疟疾疫苗学的这些最新进展。
