Laboratory of Heteroatom Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia.
UTOX-PCB, Unit of Experimental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology, Parc Científic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Chemosphere. 2015 Sep;135:67-74. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.02.050. Epub 2015 Apr 22.
The use of biomarkers has become an important tool for modern environmental assessment as they can help to predict pollutants involved in the monitoring program. Despite the importance of fish gill in several functions (gaseous exchange, osmotic and ionic regulation, acid-base balance and nitrogenous waste) its use in coastal water biomonitoring focusing on protection and damage is scarce. This field study investigates biochemical (catalase, superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation), molecular (DNA integrity) and morphological (histology) parameters in gill of mullet (Mugil cephalus) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and originating from Bizerte lagoon (a coastal lagoon impacted by different anthropogenic activities) and from the Mediterranean Sea (a reference site). Remarkable alterations in the activities of oxidative stress enzymes and DNA integrity in the tissue of the two studied fish species were detected in Bizerte Lagoon. The study of histopathological alterations of gills in both two fish species from Bizerte Lagoon suggest thickening of primary lamellae, cellular hyperplasia, aneurism, curving, shortening and fusion of secondary lamellae. The adopted approach, considering simultaneously protection responses and damaging effects, revealed its usefulness on the pollution assessment.
生物标志物的使用已成为现代环境评估的重要工具，因为它们可以帮助预测监测计划中涉及的污染物。尽管鱼类鳃在多种功能（气体交换、渗透和离子调节、酸碱平衡和氮废物）中很重要，但在关注保护和损害的沿海水域生物监测中，其应用却很少。本现场研究调查了来自比塞大泻湖（受多种人为活动影响的沿海泻湖）和地中海（参考地点）的鲻鱼（Mugil cephalus）和鲈鱼（Dicentrarchus labrax）鳃中的生化（过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、脂质过氧化）、分子（DNA 完整性）和形态（组织学）参数。在比塞大泻湖中，两种研究鱼类鳃组织中的氧化应激酶活性和 DNA 完整性发生了显著变化。对来自比塞大泻湖的两种鱼类鳃组织的组织病理学改变的研究表明，初级鳃片变厚、细胞增生、动脉瘤、弯曲、缩短和次级鳃片融合。采用同时考虑保护反应和损害效应的方法，揭示了其在污染评估中的有用性。
