Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology , Timiryazev street 45, Almaty 050040 , Kazakhstan.
Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University , Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046 , Japan.
Breed Sci. 2014 Dec;64(4):399-403. doi: 10.1270/jsbbs.64.399. Epub 2014 Dec 1.
The wild ancestral form of barley, Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum, is a valuable source for gene enrichment of cultivated barley. The purpose of this work was to study the area of distribution as well as the extent and structure of genetic variation of wild barley populations grown in Kazakhstan. It was found that distribution of wild barley populations in Kazakhstan is restricted to the most southern province. A genome wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis was performed in order to study the level of the genetic diversity in 96 accessions representing 14 wild barley populations from Kazakhstan and 25 accessions from the Middle East which is the center of diversity of this subspecies. The oligonucleotide pooled assay was used to genotype 384 SNPs distributed throughout the genome. In total 233 polymorphic SNPs were selected for further statistical analysis. The level of genetic diversity of wild barley populations from Kazakhstan was predictably narrower (He = 0.19 ± 0.01) in comparison with wild barley samples from the Middle East (He = 0.29 ± 0.01). The results suggested that H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum populations in Kazakhstan probably represent a recent spread of a limited number of plants from the primary distribution area and might be well adapted to winter low temperature.
野生大麦的原始形式，即普通大麦亚种。野生种，是栽培大麦基因丰富的宝贵资源。本研究旨在探讨哈萨克斯坦野生大麦种群的分布范围、遗传变异程度和结构。研究发现，哈萨克斯坦野生大麦种群的分布范围仅限于最南部的省份。为了研究 14 个哈萨克斯坦野生大麦种群和 25 个来自中东（该亚种多样性中心）的大麦种群的遗传多样性水平，我们进行了全基因组单核苷酸多态性（SNP）分析。使用寡核苷酸池检测法对分布在整个基因组中的 384 个 SNP 进行基因分型。共选择了 233 个多态性 SNP 进行进一步的统计分析。与来自中东的野生大麦样本（He = 0.29 ± 0.01）相比，哈萨克斯坦野生大麦种群的遗传多样性水平明显较低（He = 0.19 ± 0.01）。结果表明，哈萨克斯坦的普通大麦亚种。野生种群可能代表了从主要分布区传入的少数植物的近期扩散，并且可能很好地适应了冬季低温。
