Genome. 1994 Aug;37(4):631-8. doi: 10.1139/g94-090.
This study was conducted to address some of the issues concerning the possible significance of Tibet in the origin and evolution of cultivated barley. A total of 1757 barley accessions from Tibet, including 1496 entries of Hordeum vulgare ssp. vulgare (HV), 229 entries of the six-rowed wild barley H. vulgare ssp. agriocrithon (HA), and 32 entries of the two-rowed wild barley H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum (HS), were assayed for allozymes at four esterase loci. A subsample of 491 accessions was surveyed for spacer-length polymorphism at two ribosomal DNA loci. Genetic variation is extensive in these barley groups, and the amount of genetic diversity in cultivated barley of this region is comparable with that of cultivated barley worldwide. The level of genetic variation of HA is significantly lower than the other two barley groups, and there is also substantial heterogeneity in the level of polymorphism among different agrigeographical subregions. However, little genetic differentiation was detected among the three barley groups (HV, HA, and HS), as well as among different agrigeographical subregions. Comparison of the results from this and previous studies indicated a strong differentiation between Oriental and Occidental barley, thus favoring the hypothesis of a diphyletic origin of cultivated barley.
本研究旨在解决一些有关西藏在栽培大麦起源和演化中可能具有重要意义的问题。共对来自西藏的 1757 份大麦材料进行了分析，包括 1496 份普通大麦（Hordeum vulgare ssp. vulgare，HV）、229 份六棱野生大麦（H. vulgare ssp. agriocrithon，HA）和 32 份二棱野生大麦（H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum，HS）。对这四个大麦群体的 491 份材料进行了核糖体 DNA 两个位点的间隔区长度多态性分析。这些大麦群体具有广泛的遗传变异，该地区栽培大麦的遗传多样性水平与世界范围内栽培大麦的遗传多样性水平相当。HA 的遗传变异水平明显低于其他两个大麦群体，不同农业地理亚区之间的多态性水平也存在很大差异。然而，在三个大麦群体（HV、HA 和 HS）以及不同农业地理亚区之间，遗传分化程度较低。与本研究和以前研究的结果比较表明，东方和西方大麦之间存在很强的分化，这支持了栽培大麦二分起源的假说。
