Paul Soumitra, Datta Swapan K, Datta Karabi
Translational Research Laboratory of Transgenic Rice, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta Kolkata, India.
Front Plant Sci. 2015 Apr 10;6:232. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00232. eCollection 2015.
Small RNAs including micro RNAs (miRNA) play an indispensable role in cell signaling mechanisms. Generally, miRNAs that are 20-24 nucleotides long bind to specific complementary transcripts, attenuating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level or via translational inhibition. In plants, miRNAs have emerged as the principal regulator of various stress responses, including low nutrient availability. It has been reported that miRNAs are vital for maintaining nutrient homeostasis in plants by regulating the expression of transporters that are involved in nutrient uptake and mobilization. The present review highlights the role of various miRNAs in several macro- or micronutrient deficiencies in plants. Understanding the regulation of different transporters by miRNAs will aid in elucidating the underlying molecular signal transduction mechanisms during nutritional stress. Recent findings regarding nutrient related-miRNAs and their gene regulation machinery may delineate a novel platform for improving the nutritional status of cereal grains or crop biofortification programs in the future.
包括微小RNA（miRNA）在内的小RNA在细胞信号传导机制中发挥着不可或缺的作用。一般来说，长度为20 - 24个核苷酸的miRNA会与特定的互补转录本结合，在转录后水平或通过翻译抑制来减弱基因表达。在植物中，miRNA已成为各种应激反应（包括低养分有效性）的主要调节因子。据报道，miRNA通过调节参与养分吸收和转运的转运蛋白的表达，对维持植物体内养分稳态至关重要。本综述重点介绍了各种miRNA在植物几种大量或微量营养素缺乏中的作用。了解miRNA对不同转运蛋白的调控将有助于阐明营养胁迫期间潜在的分子信号转导机制。关于养分相关miRNA及其基因调控机制的最新发现可能会为未来改善谷物营养状况或作物生物强化计划描绘一个新的平台。
