Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK; NERC-Biomolecular Analysis Facility, Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.
Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Warrnambool, Victoria 3280, Australia; Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, Wales, UK.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2015 Aug;89:151-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.04.010. Epub 2015 Apr 24.
Establishing phylogenetic relationships within a clade can help to infer ancestral origins and indicate how widespread species reached their current biogeographic distributions. The small plovers, genus Charadrius, are cosmopolitan shorebirds, distributed across all continents except Antarctica. Here we present a global, species-level molecular phylogeny of this group based on four nuclear (ADH5, FIB7, MYO2 and RAG1) and two mitochondrial (COI and ND3) genes, and use the phylogeny to examine the biogeographic origin of the genus. A Bayesian multispecies coalescent approach identified two major clades (CRD I and CRD II) within the genus. Clade CRD I contains three species (Thinornis novaeseelandiae, Thinornis rubricollis and Eudromias morinellus), and CRD II one species (Anarhynchus frontalis), that were previously placed outside the Charadrius genus. In contrast to earlier work, ancestral area analyses using parsimony and Bayesian methods supported an origin of the Charadrius plovers in the Northern hemisphere. We propose that major radiations in this group were associated with shifts in the range of these ancestral plover species, leading to colonisation of the Southern hemisphere.
在一个进化枝内建立系统发育关系有助于推断祖先起源，并指示物种如何达到其当前的生物地理分布。小燕鸥属（Charadrius）是世界性的滨鸟，分布在除南极洲以外的所有大陆。在这里，我们基于四个核基因（ADH5、FIB7、MYO2 和 RAG1）和两个线粒体基因（COI 和 ND3），呈现了这个群体的全球种级分子系统发育，并利用系统发育来研究该属的生物地理起源。贝叶斯多物种合并方法确定了属内的两个主要分支（CRD I 和 CRD II）。分支 CRD I 包含三个物种（新西兰小燕鸥、红胸滨鹬和赤胸鸻），分支 CRD II 包含一个物种（黑胸佛法僧），它们以前被置于小燕鸥属之外。与早期的工作不同，使用简约法和贝叶斯法的祖先区域分析支持北半球是小燕鸥属的起源地。我们提出，该群体的主要辐射与这些祖先小燕鸥物种范围的变化有关，导致了对南半球的殖民化。
