De Santis Christian, Bartie Kerry L, Olsen Rolf E, Taggart John B, Tocher Douglas R
School of Natural Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK.
School of Natural Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK.
Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics. 2015 Sep;15:1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.cbd.2015.04.001. Epub 2015 Apr 18.
The aim of the present study was to generate an experimental model to characterize the nutrigenomic profile of a plant-derived nutritional stress. Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) was used as the model species. The nutritional stress was induced by inclusion of dietary defatted soybean meal (SBM), as this ingredient had been previously demonstrated to induce enteropathy in the distal intestine and reduce growth in salmon. Triplicate groups of Atlantic salmon were fed concentrations of 0, 100, 200 and 300 g kg(-1) SBM for 12 weeks and reduced growth performance was used as the indicator of nutritional stress. The transcriptome was analyzed in two tissues, liver and distal intestine, with the hypothesis being that the liver transcriptome would be characterized by gene expression responses related to overall growth and health performance, whereas intestinal gene expression would be dominated by specific responses to SBM. A set of 133 genes was differentially expressed in liver including 44 genes in common with the intestinal response. The liver-specific response included up-regulation of genes involved in protein digestion, energy metabolism and immune functions, whereas genes in other metabolic pathways were generally anabolic and down-regulated. These responses may be more related to general nutritional stress than to SBM per se. The transcriptomic profile in the distal intestine was consistent with the enteritis response as described previously. This study provides a comprehensive report on the profiles of liver and distal intestine transcriptomes, specifically highlighting the role of the liver in fish undergoing SBM-induced nutritional stress.
本研究的目的是建立一个实验模型，以表征植物源性营养应激的营养基因组特征。大西洋鲑（Salmo salar）被用作模型物种。通过在日粮中添加脱脂豆粕（SBM）来诱导营养应激，因为此前已证明该成分会诱发鲑鱼远端肠道的肠病并降低其生长速度。将三组大西洋鲑分别投喂含0、100、200和300 g kg(-1) SBM的日粮，持续12周，并将生长性能下降作为营养应激的指标。对肝脏和远端肠道这两个组织进行了转录组分析，假设肝脏转录组的特征是与整体生长和健康性能相关的基因表达反应，而肠道基因表达则主要是对SBM的特异性反应。在肝脏中有133个基因差异表达，其中44个基因与肠道反应相同。肝脏特异性反应包括参与蛋白质消化、能量代谢和免疫功能的基因上调，而其他代谢途径中的基因通常是合成代谢的且下调。这些反应可能与一般营养应激的关系更大，而非与SBM本身的关系。远端肠道的转录组特征与先前描述的肠炎反应一致。本研究提供了关于肝脏和远端肠道转录组特征的全面报告，特别强调了肝脏在经历SBM诱导的营养应激的鱼类中的作用。
