Wang Li, Huang Qincheng, Gu Zhimin, Liu Cui, Xu Jia, Dai Yangxin, Ye Tiantian, Yan Junjun, Meng Jilun, Zheng Yutong, Liu Bo
Biobreeding Institute, Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou 311231, Zhejiang, China.
Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, Jiangsu, China.
Aquac Nutr. 2025 May 20;2025:6541143. doi: 10.1155/anu/6541143. eCollection 2025.
The present study investigated growth performance, body composition, hepatic and intestinal morphology, biochemical indices, transcriptomic responses, and metabolomic profiles in giant freshwater prawn () fed six kinds of soy protein concentrate (SPC) diets over an 8-week feeding trial. The six SPC diets were formulated by replacing varying proportions of fishmeal (FM) with SPC, with the final percentage of FM set at 350, 280, 210, 140, 70, and 0 g/kg, respectively, and designated as F35, F28, F21, F14, F7, and F0 diets. Results showed that the final body weight (FBW), weight gain, and specific growth rate (SGR) of prawn fed F35 were greater than those of prawn fed F7 and F0. The crude lipid content of prawn fed F0 was higher than that of prawn fed F28. Notably, increasing SPC substitution levels disrupted hepatopancreas morphology, with structural degradation becoming more pronounced beyond 40% replacement (F21). Compared to F35 group, the F0 significantly decreased the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and increases the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) in hemolymph. Based on the transcriptomics, two differentially expressed genes (DEGs) LOC136825138 and LOC136856310 were consistently observed across all groups. The metabolomics indicated that 77 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) across all treatments. A negative correlation was observed between LOC136856310 and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), arachidonoyl dopamine, 8Z,11Z-eicosadienoic acid, and vitamin E nicotinate. A comprehensive analysis of both metabolomic and transcriptomic data sets revealed substantial perturbations associated with "alpha-linolenic acid metabolism" and "glycerophospholipid metabolism". In conclusion, elevated levels of dietary SPC had detrimental effects on the growth performance, hepatopancreas health, antioxidant capacity, and immune function of . Based on the growth performance, dietary FM level for could be reduced to 140 g/kg by using SPC as a sole substitute, with an inclusion of 211 g/kg of SPC in the diet.
本研究通过为期8周的饲养试验，调查了投喂六种大豆浓缩蛋白（SPC）日粮的罗氏沼虾的生长性能、体成分、肝脏和肠道形态、生化指标、转录组反应和代谢组谱。这六种SPC日粮通过用SPC替代不同比例的鱼粉（FM）来配制，最终FM的百分比分别设定为350、280、210、140、70和0 g/kg，并分别指定为F35、F28、F21、F14、F7和F0日粮。结果表明，投喂F35日粮的虾的终末体重（FBW）、增重和特定生长率（SGR）大于投喂F7和F0日粮的虾。投喂F0日粮的虾的粗脂肪含量高于投喂F28日粮的虾。值得注意的是，增加SPC替代水平会破坏肝胰腺形态，超过40%替代水平（F21）时结构退化变得更加明显。与F35组相比，F0组显著降低了谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-PX）的活性，并增加了血淋巴中丙二醛（MDA）和一氧化氮（NO）的含量。基于转录组学，在所有组中均一致观察到两个差异表达基因（DEG）LOC136825138和LOC136856310。代谢组学表明，所有处理中有77种差异表达代谢物（DEM）。在LOC136856310与二十碳五烯酸（EPA）、花生酰多巴胺、8Z,11Z-二十碳二烯酸和维生素E烟酸酯之间观察到负相关。对代谢组学和转录组学数据集的综合分析揭示了与“α-亚麻酸代谢”和“甘油磷脂代谢”相关的大量扰动。总之，日粮中SPC水平升高对罗氏沼虾的生长性能、肝胰腺健康、抗氧化能力和免疫功能有不利影响。基于生长性能，通过使用SPC作为唯一替代品，日粮中FM水平可降至140 g/kg，日粮中SPC的添加量为211 g/kg。
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