Jerković Igor, Marijanović Zvonimir, Kranjac Marina, Radonić Ani
Nat Prod Commun. 2015 Feb;10(2):357-60.
Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), ultrasonic solvent extraction (USE) and solid phase extraction (SPE), followed by GC-FID/MS were used for screening of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber) honey headspace, volatiles and semi-volatiles. The obtained results constitute a breakthrough towards screening of dandelion honey since dominant compounds identified in the extracts were not previously reported for this honey type. Nitriles dominated in the headspace, particularly 3-methylpentanenitrile (up to 29.9%) and phenylacetonitrile (up to 20.9%). Lower methyl branched aliphatic acids and norisoprenoids were relevant minor constituents of the headspace. The extracts contained phenylacetic acid (up to 24.0%) and dehydrovomifoliol (up to 19.3%) as predominant compounds, while 3-methylpentanenitrile and phenylacetonitrile were detected in the extracts in minor abundance. Dehydrovomifoliol can be considered more characteristic for dandelion honey in distinction from phenylacetic acid. Low molecular aliphatic acids, benzene derivatives and an array of higher aliphatic compounds were also found in the extracts. The results of SPE/GC-FID/MS were very similar to USE/GC-FID/MS with the solvent dichloromethane. The use of all applied methodologies was relevant for the comprehensive chemical fingerprinting of dandelion honey volatiles.
采用顶空固相微萃取（HS-SPME）、超声溶剂萃取（USE）和固相萃取（SPE），随后结合气相色谱-氢火焰离子化检测器/质谱联用（GC-FID/MS）对蒲公英（药用蒲公英韦伯）蜂蜜的顶空成分、挥发性和半挥发性成分进行筛选。所获得的结果是蒲公英蜂蜜筛选方面的一项突破，因为提取物中鉴定出的主要化合物此前未曾在这种蜂蜜类型中报道过。腈类化合物在顶空中占主导地位，尤其是3-甲基戊腈（含量高达29.9%）和苯乙腈（含量高达20.9%）。较低的甲基支链脂肪酸和去甲异戊二烯类化合物是顶空中相关的次要成分。提取物中以苯乙酸（含量高达24.0%）和脱氢vomifoliol（含量高达19.3%）为主要化合物，而提取物中检测到的3-甲基戊腈和苯乙腈含量较少。与苯乙酸相比，脱氢vomifoliol可被认为是蒲公英蜂蜜更具特征性的成分。提取物中还发现了低分子脂肪酸、苯衍生物和一系列高级脂肪族化合物。固相萃取/气相色谱-氢火焰离子化检测器/质谱联用（SPE/GC-FID/MS）的结果与使用二氯甲烷作为溶剂的超声溶剂萃取/气相色谱-氢火焰离子化检测器/质谱联用（USE/GC-FID/MS）的结果非常相似。所有应用方法的使用对于蒲公英蜂蜜挥发性成分的全面化学指纹图谱分析都具有重要意义。
