Russo Gianluca, Vita Serena, Miglietta Alessandro, Terrazzini Nadia, Sannella Alessandra, Vullo Vincenzo
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome , Italy.
School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Lewes Road, Brighton, UK.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2016 Jun;38(2):212-22. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdv049. Epub 2015 Apr 28.
Data on diseases' determinants and health status of asylum seekers (ASs) are limited.
We performed a cross-sectional retrospective study in a large ASs centre in Italy. Data were collected during a 1-year period. Descriptive statistics were calculated. A χ(2) test was used to assess the association between socio-demographics characteristics of ASs and screening test results. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify diseases' predictors by using ICD-10 diagnoses classification as outcome variable, socio-demographic characteristics as independent variable and visits' number as confounding variable.
Overall, data on 792 ASs (mean age 27 years, 80% males, 58% from Africa) were assessed, 43% underwent voluntary infectious diseases screening and 2843 diagnoses were recorded. The most frequent diagnoses were: respiratory diseases, symptoms/signs not elsewhere classified, digestive diseases and infectious diseases. Gender was the most frequent predictor of ICD-10 diagnoses, while African origin, civil status and education were, respectively, predictive of cardiovascular and infectious diseases, genitourinary diseases and pregnancy-related disorders. Higher mean age was associated with syphilis, HIV and HCV infection and African origin with HIV infection.
Communicable diseases were not prevalent in the ASs population we analysed. A stronger cultural mediation support is needed to facilitate prevention, access and continuity of care for ASs.
关于寻求庇护者疾病的决定因素和健康状况的数据有限。
我们在意大利的一个大型寻求庇护者中心进行了一项横断面回顾性研究。在1年期间收集数据。计算描述性统计数据。使用χ²检验评估寻求庇护者的社会人口统计学特征与筛查测试结果之间的关联。进行多元逻辑回归分析，以ICD - 10诊断分类作为结果变量，社会人口统计学特征作为自变量，就诊次数作为混杂变量来确定疾病的预测因素。
总体而言，评估了792名寻求庇护者的数据（平均年龄27岁，80%为男性，58%来自非洲），43%的人接受了自愿传染病筛查，并记录了2843例诊断。最常见的诊断是：呼吸道疾病、未另分类的症状/体征、消化系统疾病和传染病。性别是ICD - 10诊断最常见的预测因素，而非洲裔、婚姻状况和教育程度分别是心血管疾病和传染病、泌尿生殖系统疾病以及妊娠相关疾病的预测因素。较高的平均年龄与梅毒、艾滋病毒和丙型肝炎病毒感染相关，非洲裔与艾滋病毒感染相关。
在我们分析的寻求庇护者人群中，传染病并不普遍。需要更强有力的文化调解支持，以促进为寻求庇护者提供预防、医疗服务获取和持续护理。
