Department of Animal Science, College of Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-702, Korea.
Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, College of Natural Resource and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-706, Korea .
Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2015 May;28(5):697-702. doi: 10.5713/ajas.14.0575.
While athletic abilities such as speed, endurance and recovery are important in the horse, genes related to these abilities have not been extensively investigated. Here, we characterized the horse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARδ) gene and analyzed the expression of PPARδ during exercise. PPARδ is a known regulator of β-oxidation, muscle fiber transformation, and running endurance. Through evolutionary analysis using the synonymous and non-synonymous mutation ratio, it was revealed that positive selection occurred in the horse PPARδ gene. Two important domains related to nuclear hormone receptors, C4 zinc finger and ligand binding domain, were also found to be conserved well in horse PPARδ. Horse PPARδ was expressed ubiquitously in many tissues, but the expression level was various depending on the tissues. In the skeletal muscle, PPARδ increased about 2.5 folds after 30 min of exercise. Unlike in muscle, the increase of PPARδ expression was observed at 60 min but not 30 min of exercise in leukocytes. This finding might be useful for testing the endurance of horse using blood samples. Conclusively, the horse PPARδ gene is evolutionarily conserved well and can be used as a biomarker of endurance in horse.
虽然速度、耐力和恢复等运动能力对马很重要，但与这些能力相关的基因尚未得到广泛研究。在这里，我们对马过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体 δ (PPARδ)基因进行了特征描述，并分析了 PPARδ 在运动过程中的表达情况。PPARδ 是 β-氧化、肌肉纤维转化和跑步耐力的已知调节剂。通过使用同义突变和非同义突变比的进化分析，揭示了马 PPARδ 基因发生了正选择。还发现与核激素受体相关的两个重要结构域，C4 锌指和配体结合域，在马 PPARδ 中也很好地保守。马 PPARδ 在许多组织中广泛表达，但表达水平因组织而异。在骨骼肌中，运动 30 分钟后 PPARδ 增加了约 2.5 倍。与肌肉不同，在白细胞中，PPARδ 的表达增加在 60 分钟而不是 30 分钟的运动时观察到。这一发现可能有助于使用血液样本测试马的耐力。总之，马 PPARδ 基因进化上很好地保守，可以作为马耐力的生物标志物。
