Paludan Søren R
Department of Biomedicine and Aarhus Research Center for Innate Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2015 Jun;79(2):225-41. doi: 10.1128/MMBR.00061-14.
The innate immune system provides early defense against infections and also plays a key role in monitoring alterations of homeostasis in the body. DNA is highly immunostimulatory, and recent advances in this field have led to the identification of the innate immune sensors responsible for the recognition of DNA as well as the downstream pathways that are activated. Moreover, information on how cells regulate DNA-driven immune responses to avoid excessive inflammation is now emerging. Finally, several reports have demonstrated how defects in DNA sensing, signaling, and regulation are associated with susceptibility to infections or inflammatory diseases in humans and model organisms. In this review, the current literature on DNA-stimulated innate immune activation is discussed, and important new questions facing this field are proposed.
先天性免疫系统为感染提供早期防御，并且在监测体内稳态变化方面也发挥着关键作用。DNA具有高度免疫刺激性，该领域的最新进展已导致鉴定出负责识别DNA的先天性免疫传感器以及被激活的下游信号通路。此外，关于细胞如何调节DNA驱动的免疫反应以避免过度炎症的信息目前正在出现。最后，一些报告已经证明了DNA传感、信号传导和调节方面的缺陷如何与人类和模式生物对感染或炎症性疾病的易感性相关。在这篇综述中，讨论了关于DNA刺激的先天性免疫激活的当前文献，并提出了该领域面临的重要新问题。
