农场经营者听力保护干预措施的随机对照试验方案。

Protocol of a randomized controlled trial of hearing protection interventions for farm operators.

作者信息

McCullagh Marjorie C, Ronis David L

机构信息

University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

出版信息

BMC Public Health. 2015 Apr 18;15:399. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-1743-0.

DOI:10.1186/s12889-015-1743-0

PMID:25927191

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4412111/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Hearing loss and tinnitus are prevalent in America, and noise-induced hearing loss is a leading cause of hearing loss. Noise-induced hearing loss has negative impact on quality of life, physical and emotional functioning, social life, and employment. In addition, noise-induced hearing loss results in heavy social and economic burdens on families and communities from all ethnic and socioeconomic groups. Farmers are a group that is particularly high risk for noise-induced hearing loss, and is underserved by programs designed to limit that risk. They are among the most noise-exposed group of workers, and experience the second highest prevalence of noise-induced hearing loss among all occupational categories. In agriculture, 1.5 million workers (43.3%) report exposure to hazardous noise. Although use of hearing protection devices (HPDs) would protect them from noise-induced hearing loss, use among farmers is low.

METHODS/DESIGN: The purpose of this project is to compare the effectiveness of several approaches to influencing hearing protector use. Approaches include: a) an interactive, predictors-based intervention delivered via the Internet; b) a static informational web site; and c) a mailed sampler of hearing protectors. The goals are to further develop an intervention to promote farmers' use of HPDs, and compare the effectiveness of the interventions delivered in various combinations. Participants will include 701 farmers. Sites will be affiliates of a major farmer organization. Data will be collected at baseline, 6, and 12 months. A random intercept mixed model will be used to explore the fixed effects of the three NIHL prevention interventions over time while adjusting for age and gender. This project will involve a partnership between the University of Michigan and a major farmer organization to accomplish project aims.

DISCUSSION

Results of this study will be used to inform future research-to-practice studies to increase hearing protector use. Increased use of hearing protectors is expected to reduce rates of noise-induced hearing loss and other negative effects of high noise exposure, and improve quality of life in this high-risk and underserved group.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01454895 Registered 14 October, 2011.

摘要

背景

听力损失和耳鸣在美国很普遍，噪声性听力损失是听力损失的主要原因之一。噪声性听力损失对生活质量、身体和情感功能、社交生活及就业都有负面影响。此外，噪声性听力损失给所有种族和社会经济群体的家庭及社区带来了沉重的社会和经济负担。农民是噪声性听力损失风险特别高的群体，而旨在降低该风险的项目却未能很好地服务于他们。他们是接触噪声最多的工人群体之一，在所有职业类别中，其噪声性听力损失患病率排名第二。在农业领域，有150万工人（43.3%）报告接触过有害噪声。虽然使用听力保护装置（HPD）可保护他们免受噪声性听力损失，但农民中HPD的使用率很低。

方法/设计：本项目的目的是比较几种影响听力保护器使用方法的有效性。这些方法包括：a）通过互联网提供的基于预测因素的交互式干预；b）静态信息网站；c）邮寄听力保护器样本。目标是进一步开发一种干预措施以促进农民使用HPD，并比较不同组合干预措施的有效性。参与者将包括701名农民。研究地点将是一个主要农民组织的附属机构。将在基线、6个月和12个月时收集数据。将使用随机截距混合模型来探索三种噪声性听力损失预防干预措施随时间的固定效应，同时对年龄和性别进行调整。本项目将涉及密歇根大学与一个主要农民组织之间的合作关系，以实现项目目标。