Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 21, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Silberman School of Social Work, Hunter College, 2180 Third Avenue, New York, NY, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2013 Jun 6;13:555. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-555.
One of the main priorities of Dutch organisations providing shelter services is to develop evidence-based interventions in the care for abused women and homeless people. To date, most of these organisations have not used specific intervention models and the interventions which have been implemented rarely have an empirical and theoretical foundation. The present studies aim to examine the effectiveness of critical time intervention (CTI) for abused women and homeless people.
In two multi-centre randomised controlled trials we investigate whether CTI, a time-limited (nine month) outreach intervention, is more effective than care-as-usual for abused women and homeless people making the transition from shelter facilities to supported or independent housing. Participants were recruited in 19 women's shelter facilities and 22 homeless shelter facilities across The Netherlands and randomly allocated to the intervention group (CTI) or the control group (care-as-usual). They were interviewed four times in nine months: once before leaving the shelter, and then at three, six and nine months after leaving the shelter. Quality of life (primary outcome for abused women) and recurrent loss of housing (primary outcome for homeless people) as well as secondary outcomes (e.g. care needs, self-esteem, loneliness, social support, substance use, psychological distress and service use) were assessed during the interviews. In addition, the model integrity of CTI was investigated during the data collection period.
Based on international research CTI is expected to be an appropriate intervention for clients making the transition from institutional to community living. If CTI proves to be effective for abused women and homeless people, shelter services could include this case management model in their professional standards and improve the (quality of) services for clients.
NTR3463 and NTR3425.
为受虐妇女和无家可归者提供庇护服务的荷兰组织的主要重点之一是开发基于证据的干预措施，以关爱受虐妇女和无家可归者。迄今为止，这些组织中的大多数都没有使用特定的干预模式，而且实施的干预措施很少有经验和理论基础。本研究旨在检验受虐妇女和无家可归者的关键时间干预（CTI）的有效性。
在两项多中心随机对照试验中，我们研究了限时（九个月）外展干预 CTI 是否比常规护理对从庇护设施过渡到支持性或独立住房的受虐妇女和无家可归者更有效。参与者是在荷兰的 19 个妇女庇护所和 22 个无家可归者庇护所招募的，并随机分配到干预组（CTI）或对照组（常规护理）。他们在九个月内接受了四次采访：一次是在离开庇护所之前，然后是在离开庇护所后的三个月、六个月和九个月。生活质量（受虐妇女的主要结果）和反复失去住房（无家可归者的主要结果）以及次要结果（如护理需求、自尊、孤独、社会支持、药物使用、心理困扰和服务使用）在采访中进行了评估。此外，在数据收集期间还调查了 CTI 的模型完整性。
基于国际研究，CTI 有望成为从机构过渡到社区生活的客户的适当干预措施。如果 CTI 被证明对受虐妇女和无家可归者有效，庇护服务可以将这种案例管理模式纳入其专业标准，并改善客户的（服务）质量。
NTR3463 和 NTR3425。
