Martin Daryl, Nettleton Sarah, Buse Christina, Prior Lindsay, Twigg Julia
Department of Sociology, University of York, UK.
School of Sociology and Social Policy, University of Leeds, UK.
Sociol Health Illn. 2015 Sep;37(7):1007-22. doi: 10.1111/1467-9566.12284. Epub 2015 Apr 29.
Sociologists of health and illness have tended to overlook the architecture and buildings used in health care. This contrasts with medical geographers who have yielded a body of work on the significance of places and spaces in the experience of health and illness. A review of sociological studies of the role of the built environment in the performance of medical practice uncovers an important vein of work, worthy of further study. Through the historically situated example of hospital architecture, this article seeks to tease out substantive and methodological issues that can inform a distinctive sociology of healthcare architecture. Contemporary healthcare buildings manifest design models developed for hotels, shopping malls and homes. These design features are congruent with neoliberal forms of subjectivity in which patients are constituted as consumers and responsibilised citizens. We conclude that an adequate sociology of healthcare architecture necessitates an appreciation of both the construction and experience of buildings, exploring the briefs and plans of their designers, and observing their everyday uses. Combining approaches and methods from the sociology of health and illness and science and technology studies offers potential for a novel research agenda that takes healthcare buildings as its substantive focus.
健康与疾病社会学家往往忽视了医疗保健中使用的建筑结构和建筑物。这与医学地理学家形成了对比，医学地理学家已经就场所和空间在健康与疾病体验中的重要性开展了大量研究。对关于建筑环境在医疗实践表现中作用的社会学研究进行回顾，会发现一个重要的研究脉络，值得进一步探讨。通过以医院建筑这一具有历史背景的例子，本文旨在梳理出一些实质性和方法论问题，这些问题能够为独特的医疗保健建筑社会学提供参考。当代医疗保健建筑呈现出为酒店、购物中心和家庭所开发的设计模式。这些设计特征与新自由主义的主体性形式相一致，在这种形式中，患者被建构为消费者和有责任感的公民。我们得出结论，一门恰当的医疗保健建筑社会学需要理解建筑物的建造和体验，探究其设计师的设计概要和规划，并观察其日常使用情况。将健康与疾病社会学以及科学技术研究的方法和途径结合起来，为以医疗保健建筑为实质性焦点的全新研究议程提供了可能性。
