Consentius Christine, Reinke Petra, Volk Hans-Dieter
Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Regen Med. 2015;10(3):305-15. doi: 10.2217/rme.15.14.
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are promising candidates for supporting regeneration and suppressing undesired immune reactivity. Although autologous MSC have been most commonly used for clinical trials, data on application of allogeneic MHC-unmatched MSC were reported. The usage of MSC as an 'off-the-shelf' product would have several advantages; however, it is an immunological challenge. The preclinical studies on the (non)immunogenicity of MSC are contradictory and, unfortunately, solid data from clinical trials are missing. Induction of an alloresponse would be a major limitation for the application of allogeneic MSC. Here we discuss the key elements for the induction of an alloresponse and targets of immunomodulation by MSC as well as preclinical and clinical hints on allo(non)response to MSC.
间充质基质细胞（MSC）是支持组织再生和抑制不必要免疫反应的有前景的候选细胞。尽管自体MSC最常用于临床试验，但也有关于应用异体MHC不匹配的MSC的数据报道。将MSC用作“现货”产品有几个优点；然而，这是一个免疫学挑战。关于MSC（非）免疫原性的临床前研究相互矛盾，不幸的是，缺乏来自临床试验的确切数据。同种异体反应的诱导将是异体MSC应用的一个主要限制。在这里，我们讨论诱导同种异体反应的关键因素、MSC免疫调节的靶点以及关于对MSC的同种异体（非）反应的临床前和临床线索。
