Silva Jesse Lopes da, Paulino Eduardo, Dias Mariane Fontes, Melo Andréia Cristina de
Hospital do Cancer II, National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio De Janeiro, Brazil,
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2015 Jul;76(1):1-11. doi: 10.1007/s00280-015-2758-z. Epub 2015 May 3.
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most frequent gynecologic malignancy in the world. Metastatic and recurrent disease confers a worse prognosis, and the side effects of the current cytotoxic agents are the main cause of treatment disruption. Recently, the genetic alterations that facilitate the start, development and progression of EC have been elucidated, reclassifying the disease in distinct subtypes with different mechanisms of carcinogenesis. Targeted therapy aims to interfere specifically these mechanisms causing less toxicity, therefore opening new perspectives for a tailored treatment and improvement of response and survival rates for heavily treated recurrent disease. Treatment with hormone therapy was not addressed in this review because it is an extensively discussed issue and would divert the discussion about molecular-targeted therapy. The purpose of this paper was to review the available literature data regarding the main genetic abnormalities related to the carcinogenesis and evaluate the safety and efficacy of the molecular-targeted agents in the treatment of metastatic and recurrent EC.
子宫内膜癌（EC）是全球最常见的妇科恶性肿瘤。转移性和复发性疾病预后较差，而目前细胞毒性药物的副作用是治疗中断的主要原因。最近，促进EC起始、发展和进展的基因改变已被阐明，从而将该疾病重新分类为具有不同致癌机制的不同亚型。靶向治疗旨在特异性干扰这些机制，毒性较小，因此为针对经过大量治疗的复发性疾病进行量身定制的治疗以及提高缓解率和生存率开辟了新的前景。本综述未涉及激素治疗，因为这是一个广泛讨论的问题，会转移关于分子靶向治疗的讨论。本文的目的是回顾有关与致癌作用相关的主要基因异常的现有文献数据，并评估分子靶向药物在治疗转移性和复发性EC中的安全性和有效性。
