Sun Dong
Department of Neurosurgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O. Box 980631, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Richmond, VA 23298-631, USA.
Exp Neurol. 2016 Jan;275 Pt 3(0 3):405-410. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.04.017. Epub 2015 Apr 30.
In the mature mammalian brain, new neurons are generated throughout life in the neurogenic regions of the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus. Over the past two decades, extensive studies have examined the extent of adult neurogenesis in the SVZ and DG, the role of the adult generated new neurons in normal brain function and the underlying mechanisms regulating the process of adult neurogenesis. The extent and the function of adult neurogenesis under neuropathological conditions have also been explored in varying types of disease models in animals. Increasing evidence has indicated that these endogenous neural stem/progenitor cells may play regenerative and reparative roles in response to CNS injuries or diseases. This review will discuss the potential functions of adult neurogenesis in the injured brain and will describe the recent development of strategies aimed at harnessing this neurogenic capacity in order to repopulate and repair the injured brain following trauma.
在成熟的哺乳动物大脑中,终生都会在脑室下区(SVZ)和海马齿状回(DG)这些神经发生区域产生新的神经元。在过去二十年中,广泛的研究探讨了SVZ和DG中成年神经发生的程度、成年产生的新神经元在正常脑功能中的作用以及调节成年神经发生过程的潜在机制。在各种动物疾病模型中,也研究了神经病理条件下成年神经发生的程度和功能。越来越多的证据表明,这些内源性神经干细胞/祖细胞在应对中枢神经系统损伤或疾病时可能发挥再生和修复作用。本综述将讨论成年神经发生在受损大脑中的潜在功能,并描述旨在利用这种神经发生能力以在创伤后重新填充和修复受损大脑的策略的最新进展。