Landesman-Milo Dalit, Ramishetti Srinivas, Peer Dan
Laboratory of NanoMedicine, Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2015 Jun;34(2):291-301. doi: 10.1007/s10555-015-9554-4.
Metastatic lung cancer is one of the most common cancers leading to mortality worldwide. Current treatment includes chemo- and pathway-dependent therapy aiming at blocking the spread and proliferation of these metastatic lesions. Nanomedicine is an emerging multidisciplinary field that offers unprecedented access to living cells and promises the state of the art in cancer detection and treatment. Development of nanomedicines as drug carriers (nanocarriers) that target cancer for therapy draws upon principles in the fields of chemistry, medicine, physics, biology, and engineering. Given the zealous activity in the field as demonstrated by more than 30 nanocarriers already approved for clinical use and given the promise of recent clinical results in various studies, nanocarrier-based strategies are anticipated to soon have a profound impact on cancer medicine and human health. Herein, we will detail the latest innovations in therapeutic nanomedicine with examples from lipid-based nanoparticles and polymer-based approaches, which are engineered to deliver anticancer drugs to metastatic lung cells. Emphasis will be placed on the latest and most attractive delivery platforms, which are developed specifically to target lung metastatic tumors. These novel nanomedicines may open new avenues for therapeutic intervention carrying new class of drugs such as RNAi and mRNA and the ability to edit the genome using the CRISPER/Cas9 system. Ultimately, these strategies might become a new therapeutic modality for advanced-stage lung cancer.
转移性肺癌是全球导致死亡的最常见癌症之一。目前的治疗方法包括化学疗法和针对特定信号通路的疗法，旨在阻止这些转移性病变的扩散和增殖。纳米医学是一个新兴的多学科领域，它为研究活细胞提供了前所未有的途径，并有望在癌症检测和治疗方面达到先进水平。开发作为药物载体（纳米载体）的纳米药物用于癌症治疗，借鉴了化学、医学、物理、生物学和工程学等领域的原理。鉴于该领域的积极进展，已有30多种纳米载体已获批用于临床，并且鉴于近期各项研究中的临床结果令人期待，基于纳米载体的策略有望很快对癌症医学和人类健康产生深远影响。在此，我们将通过基于脂质的纳米颗粒和基于聚合物的方法等实例，详细介绍治疗性纳米医学的最新创新成果，这些方法被设计用于将抗癌药物递送至转移性肺细胞。重点将放在专门为靶向肺转移性肿瘤而开发的最新且最具吸引力的递送平台上。这些新型纳米药物可能为治疗干预开辟新途径，携带诸如RNA干扰和信使核糖核酸等新型药物，并具备使用CRISPER/Cas9系统编辑基因组的能力。最终，这些策略可能成为晚期肺癌的一种新治疗方式。
