Bouvet Romain, Bonnefon Jean-François
University of Toulouse, France
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2015 Jul;41(7):955-61. doi: 10.1177/0146167215585728. Epub 2015 May 6.
For unknown reasons, individuals who are confident in their intuitions are more likely to hold supernatural beliefs. How does an intuitive cognitive style lead one to believe in faith healing, astrology, or extrasensory perception (ESP)? We hypothesize that cognitive style is critically important after one experiences an uncanny event that seems to invite a supernatural explanation. In three studies, we show that irrespective of their prior beliefs in the supernatural, non-reflective thinkers are more likely than reflective thinkers to accept supernatural causation after an uncanny encounter with astrology and ESP. This is the first time that controlled experiments demonstrate the negative dynamics of reflection and supernatural causality attribution. We consider the possible generalization of our findings to religious beliefs and their implications for the social vulnerability of non-reflective individuals.
出于未知原因，对自己直觉有信心的人更有可能持有超自然信仰。直观的认知风格是如何导致一个人相信信仰疗法、占星术或超感官知觉（ESP）的呢？我们假设，在一个人经历了一个似乎需要超自然解释的离奇事件之后，认知风格至关重要。在三项研究中，我们表明，无论他们之前对超自然现象的信仰如何，与反思型思考者相比，非反思型思考者在与占星术和超感官知觉有离奇接触后，更有可能接受超自然因果关系。这是首次通过对照实验证明反思与超自然因果关系归因之间的负面动态关系。我们考虑了研究结果可能推广到宗教信仰的情况，以及它们对非反思型个体社会脆弱性的影响。
