Benachinmardi Kirtilaxmi K, Nagamoti Jyoti, Kothiwale Shaila, Metgud Sharada C
Department of Microbiology, Employees' State Insurance Corporation Medical College and PGIMSR, Rajajinagar, Bengaluru, India.
Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belgaum, Karnataka, India.
J Lab Physicians. 2015 Jan-Jun;7(1):49-54. doi: 10.4103/0974-2727.154798.
Periodontitis is a major public health problem in India with a prevalence of 60-80%. If untreated it acts as a risk factor for systemic diseases. Data on anaerobic periodontal microflora in the Indian population is very scarce. Hence, this study was undertaken to know the nature of oral microbiota in chronic periodontitis in this region of India and also the semiquantitative study in pre- and post-treatment group and to determine antibiotic susceptibility pattern for aerobic isolates.
The present study was conducted on 60 cases. Material was collected from the subgingival pockets in patients with chronic periodontitis attending the Periodontology, Outpatient Department. Clinical samples were transported to the laboratory in fluid thioglycollate medium. Initially Gram's stain and Fontana stains were done. Aerobic, anaerobic, and microaerophilic culture were put up. Antibiotic sensitivity test was done for aerobic isolates.
Sixty samples yielded 121 isolates of which 78.34% were polymicrobial, 11.66% were monomicrobial and oral commensals were grown in 10% cases. Out of 121 isolates 91.74% were anaerobic, 7.43% were aerobic and 0.83% were microaerophilic. Fusobacterium species was the most common isolate among anaerobes. Using "paired t-test" "P" value was significant indicating significant reduction in colony count after phase-I periodontal therapy.
This study has shown that anaerobic bacteria are important cause of chronic periodontitis, along with aerobes and microaerophilic organisms. Fusobacterium spp, Bacteroides fragilis, Porphyromonas spp and Prevotella intermedia are the most common anaerobic pathogens. Bacterial culture methods are still economical and gold standard.
牙周炎是印度一个主要的公共卫生问题，患病率为60 - 80%。若不治疗，它会成为全身性疾病的一个风险因素。关于印度人群中厌氧性牙周微生物群的数据非常稀少。因此，开展本研究以了解印度该地区慢性牙周炎患者口腔微生物群的性质，以及治疗前和治疗后组的半定量研究，并确定需氧菌分离株的抗生素敏感性模式。
本研究对60例患者进行。材料取自牙周病门诊就诊的慢性牙周炎患者的龈下袋。临床样本在液体硫乙醇酸盐培养基中运送至实验室。最初进行革兰氏染色和丰塔纳染色。进行需氧、厌氧和微需氧培养。对需氧菌分离株进行抗生素敏感性试验。
60份样本产生了121株分离株，其中78.34%为多菌感染，11.66%为单菌感染，10%的病例培养出了口腔共生菌。在121株分离株中，91.74%为厌氧菌，7.43%为需氧菌，0.83%为微需氧菌。梭杆菌属是厌氧菌中最常见的分离株。使用“配对t检验”，“P”值具有显著性，表明在第一阶段牙周治疗后菌落计数显著减少。
本研究表明，厌氧菌以及需氧菌和微需氧菌是慢性牙周炎的重要病因。梭杆菌属、脆弱拟杆菌、卟啉单胞菌属和中间普雷沃菌是最常见的厌氧病原体。细菌培养方法仍然经济且是金标准。
