Sancho-Tello María, Forriol Francisco, Gastaldi Pablo, Ruiz-Saurí Amparo, Martín de Llano José J, Novella-Maestre Edurne, Antolinos-Turpín Carmen M, Gómez-Tejedor José A, Gómez Ribelles José L, Carda Carmen
3 CIBER-BBN in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Valencia - Spain.
Int J Artif Organs. 2015 Apr;38(4):210-23. doi: 10.5301/ijao.5000404. Epub 2015 Apr 29.
Tissue engineering techniques were used to study cartilage repair over a 12-month period in a rabbit model.
A full-depth chondral defect along with subchondral bone injury were originated in the knee joint, where a biostable porous scaffold was implanted, synthesized of poly(ethyl acrylate-co-hydroxyethyl acrylate) copolymer. Morphological evolution of cartilage repair was studied 1 and 2 weeks, and 1, 3, and 12 months after implantation by histological techniques. The 3-month group was chosen to compare cartilage repair to an additional group where scaffolds were preseeded with allogeneic chondrocytes before implantation, and also to controls, who underwent the same surgery procedure, with no scaffold implantation.
Neotissue growth was first observed in the deepest scaffold pores 1 week after implantation, which spread thereafter; 3 months later scaffold pores were filled mostly with cartilaginous tissue in superficial and middle zones, and with bone tissue adjacent to subchondral bone. Simultaneously, native chondrocytes at the edges of the defect started to proliferate 1 week after implantation; within a month those edges had grown centripetally and seemed to embed the scaffold, and after 3 months, hyaline-like cartilage was observed on the condylar surface. Preseeded scaffolds slightly improved tissue growth, although the quality of repair tissue was similar to non-preseeded scaffolds. Controls showed that fibrous cartilage was mainly filling the repair area 3 months after surgery. In the 12-month group, articular cartilage resembled the untreated surface.
Scaffolds guided cartilaginous tissue growth in vivo, suggesting their importance in stress transmission to the cells for cartilage repair.
运用组织工程技术在兔模型中研究为期12个月的软骨修复情况。
在膝关节制造一个全层软骨缺损并伴有软骨下骨损伤，植入由聚（丙烯酸乙酯 - 共 - 羟乙基丙烯酸酯）共聚物合成的生物稳定多孔支架。通过组织学技术在植入后1周、2周、1个月、3个月和12个月研究软骨修复的形态演变。选择3个月组与另一组进行比较，另一组在植入前将支架预先接种同种异体软骨细胞，同时与接受相同手术程序但未植入支架的对照组进行比较。
植入后1周首次在最深的支架孔隙中观察到新组织生长，此后逐渐扩散；三个月后，支架孔隙在表层和中层主要被软骨组织填充，在软骨下骨附近被骨组织填充。同时，缺损边缘的天然软骨细胞在植入后1周开始增殖；1个月内，这些边缘向心生长并似乎包埋了支架，3个月后，在髁表面观察到类似透明软骨的组织。预先接种的支架虽略微改善了组织生长，但修复组织的质量与未预先接种的支架相似。对照组显示术后3个月纤维软骨主要填充修复区域。在12个月组中，关节软骨类似于未处理的表面。
支架在体内引导软骨组织生长，表明其在向软骨修复细胞传递应力方面的重要性。
