de Bézenac Christophe E, Sluming Vanessa, O'Sullivan Noreen, Corcoran Rhiannon
Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Waterhouse Building, Block B, 2nd Floor, L69 3BX, United Kingdom.
Institute of Translational Medicine, Whelan Building, The Quadrangle, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L69 3 GB, United Kingdom.
Conscious Cogn. 2015 Sep;35:1-15. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2015.04.010. Epub 2015 May 16.
Individuals differ in their ability to attribute actions to self or other. This variance is thought to explain, in part, the experience of voice-hearing. Misattribution can also be context-driven. For example, causal ambiguity can arise when the actions of two or more individuals are coordinated and produce similar effects (e.g., music-making). Experience in such challenging contexts may refine skills of action attribution. Forty participants completed a novel finger-tapping task which parametrically manipulated the proportion of control that 'self' versus 'other' possessed over resulting auditory tones. Results showed that action misattribution peaked in the middle of the self-to-other continuum and was biased towards other. This pattern was related to both high hallucination-proneness and to low musical-experience. Findings suggest not only that causal ambiguity plays a key role in agency but also that action attribution abilities may improve with practice, potentially providing an avenue for remediation of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
个体在将行为归因于自我或他人的能力上存在差异。这种差异被认为在一定程度上解释了幻听体验。错误归因也可能由情境驱动。例如，当两个或更多个体的行为相互协调并产生相似效果（如音乐演奏）时，可能会出现因果模糊性。在这种具有挑战性的情境中的经历可能会提升行为归因技能。40名参与者完成了一项新颖的手指敲击任务，该任务参数化地操纵了“自我”与“他人”对产生的听觉音调的控制比例。结果表明，行为错误归因在自我到他人连续体的中间达到峰值，并且偏向于他人。这种模式与高幻觉倾向和低音乐体验都有关。研究结果不仅表明因果模糊性在能动性中起关键作用，而且行为归因能力可能会通过练习得到提高，这可能为治疗精神分裂症的阳性症状提供一条途径。
