Kölbl Philipp Simon, Lindner Christoph, Lingenfelder Christian, Deuchler Svenja, Singh Pankaj, Koch Frank, Hessling Martin
Department of Mechatronics and Medical Engineering, Ulm University of Applied Sciences, Albert-Einstein-Allee 55, D-89081, Ulm, Germany.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2015 Sep;253(9):1529-35. doi: 10.1007/s00417-015-3036-9. Epub 2015 May 10.
Conventional chandelier-endoilluminators used for pars-plana vitrectomy consist of a light-emitting tip attached to an optical fibre. The tip requires introduction into the ocular space through an incision. To achieve complete illumination of the intraocular space, the introduction of more than just one tip is sometimes necessary. An extraocular vitreoretinal LED-endoilluminator discussed in this paper represents a new approach to illuminate the intraocular space. The light source is integrated into a speculum and firmly apposed to the sclera. This approach offers the advantage of effectively illuminating the interior of the eye even though the procedure is non-invasive. Furthermore, this approach significantly reduces the risk of damage to the retina by phototoxic effects.
A round white LED was used as a light source. By integrating the light source into a speculum, the LED was firmly held against the sclera. Thus, the ocular space was illuminated transsclerally. As a result, indirect uniform illumination of the complete intraocular space was achieved. The prototype was developed considering the relevant international standards. Porcine eyes were used because their properties are similar to those of human eyes.
Porcine eyes could be acceptably illuminated with the selected LED. The LED-endoilluminator conforms with international standards for endoillumination. Thus, possible photochemical and thermal risks are considered and reduced to a minimum.
A novel LED-endoilluminator which can be attached to a speculum was developed. The system does not need any connection to an external light source and, consequently, also avoids usage of an optical fibre. Regular and uniform illumination of the intraocular space was achieved by transmitted and scattered visible irradiation, avoiding an incision. The duration of potential light exposure, compared to existing illumination systems, can be significantly increased. This is also true when the illuminator is not directly placed over the pars-plana and the distance to the retina is reduced. Only a part of the light reaches the retina and the fraction of short wavelength becomes very small. Increased safety of the system results from now being able to increase the exposure time and reduce phototoxic stress to the retina.
用于玻璃体切除的传统吊灯式眼内照明器由连接在光纤上的发光尖端组成。该尖端需要通过切口引入眼内空间。为了实现眼内空间的完全照明，有时需要引入不止一个尖端。本文讨论的一种眼外玻璃体视网膜发光二极管（LED）眼内照明器代表了一种照亮眼内空间的新方法。光源集成在一个窥器中，并牢固地贴附在巩膜上。这种方法的优点是即使该操作是非侵入性的，也能有效地照亮眼内。此外，这种方法显著降低了光毒性作用对视网膜造成损伤的风险。
使用一个圆形白色LED作为光源。通过将光源集成到窥器中，LED被牢固地固定在巩膜上。因此，眼内空间通过巩膜被照亮。结果，实现了对整个眼内空间的间接均匀照明。该原型是根据相关国际标准开发的。使用猪眼是因为它们的特性与人类眼睛相似。
所选的LED能够对猪眼进行可接受的照明。该LED眼内照明器符合眼内照明的国际标准。因此，可能的光化学和热风险得到了考虑并降至最低。
开发了一种新型的可连接到窥器的LED眼内照明器。该系统不需要与外部光源有任何连接，因此也避免了使用光纤。通过透射和散射可见辐射实现了对眼内空间的规则和均匀照明，避免了切口。与现有的照明系统相比，潜在的光暴露持续时间可以显著增加。当照明器不直接放置在玻璃体平坦部上方且与视网膜的距离减小时也是如此。只有一部分光到达视网膜，短波长光的比例变得非常小。现在能够增加暴露时间并减少对视网膜的光毒性应激，从而提高了系统的安全性。
