Lim Laurence Shen, Chua Sharon, Tan Pei Ting, Cai Shirong, Chong Yap-Seng, Kwek Kenneth, Gluckman Peter D, Fortier Marielle V, Ngo Cheryl, Qiu Anqi, Saw Seang-Mei
Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore City, Singapore.
Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore.
Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2015 Jul;35(4):414-23. doi: 10.1111/opo.12212. Epub 2015 May 10.
To determine if eye size and shape at birth are associated with eye size and refractive error 3 years later.
A subset of 173 full-term newborn infants from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) birth cohort underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure the dimensions of the internal eye. Eye shape was assessed by an oblateness index, calculated as 1 - (axial length/width) or 1 - (axial length/height). Cycloplegic autorefraction (Canon Autorefractor RK-F1) and optical biometry (IOLMaster) were performed 3 years later.
Both eyes of 173 children were analysed. Eyes with longer axial length at birth had smaller increases in axial length at 3 years (p < 0.001). Eyes with larger baseline volumes and surface areas had smaller increases in axial length at 3 years (p < 0.001 for both). Eyes which were more oblate at birth had greater increases in axial length at 3 years (p < 0.001). Using width to calculate oblateness, prolate eyes had smaller increases in axial length at 3 years compared to oblate eyes (p < 0.001), and, using height, prolate and spherical eyes had smaller increases in axial length at 3 years compared to oblate eyes (p < 0.001 for both). There were no associations between eye size and shape at birth and refraction, corneal curvature or myopia at 3 years.
Eyes that are larger and have prolate or spherical shapes at birth exhibit smaller increases in axial length over the first 3 years of life. Eye size and shape at birth influence subsequent eye growth but not refractive error development.
确定出生时眼睛的大小和形状是否与3年后眼睛的大小及屈光不正有关。
从新加坡健康成长队列研究（GUSTO）出生队列中选取173名足月新生儿进行子集分析，这些新生儿接受了磁共振成像（MRI）以测量眼内尺寸。通过扁率指数评估眼睛形状，扁率指数计算为1 - （眼轴长度/宽度）或1 - （眼轴长度/高度）。3年后进行睫状肌麻痹验光（佳能自动验光仪RK - F1）和光学生物测量（IOLMaster）。
对173名儿童的双眼进行了分析。出生时眼轴长度较长的眼睛在3岁时眼轴长度的增长较小（p < 0.001）。基线体积和表面积较大的眼睛在3岁时眼轴长度的增长较小（两者p均 < 0.001）。出生时更扁平的眼睛在3岁时眼轴长度的增长更大（p < 0.001）。使用宽度计算扁率时，与扁平眼相比，长椭圆形眼睛在3岁时眼轴长度的增长较小（p < 0.001）；使用高度计算时，与扁平眼相比，长椭圆形和球形眼睛在3岁时眼轴长度的增长较小（两者p均 < 0.001）。出生时眼睛的大小和形状与3岁时的屈光、角膜曲率或近视之间没有关联。
出生时较大且呈长椭圆形或球形的眼睛在生命的前3年中眼轴长度的增长较小。出生时眼睛的大小和形状会影响随后的眼睛生长，但不会影响屈光不正的发展。
