Yamashita Takehiro, Terasaki Hiroto, Hamada Takuto, Asaoka Ryo, Yoshihara Naoya, Kakiuchi Naoko, Sakamoto Taiji
Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.
Department of Ophthalmology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.
Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2025 Jun 17. doi: 10.1007/s10384-025-01227-x.
The speed of axial elongation typically slows during the growth phase; however, in some eyes, it accelerates, leading to myopia progression during school age. This study examined the association between ocular biometrics and the acceleration of axial elongation (AAE) in children.
Longitudinal, prospective, observational study METHODS: This cohort study included 67 right eyes of elementary school children, tracked over six years (from ages 8.5 to 14.5). Annual measurements were conducted for optical axial length, anterior chamber depth, and lens thickness. Yearly axial elongation was calculated for each time period, and AAE was estimated using regression analysis coefficients. Spearman's correlation was used to evaluate the association between AAE and ocular biometric parameters measured in the first year.
The average axial length in the initial year was 23.37 ± 0.89 mm. By the sixth year, the mean axial elongation reached 1.50 ± 0.49 mm, while the average AAE was recorded as -0.015 ± 0.048. AAE was significantly correlated with first-year axial length (r = - 0.40, p < 0.001), anterior chamber depth (r = 0.33, p = 0.007), and lens thickness (r = - 0.42, p < 0.001).
Some eyes with hyperopic ocular biometry at 8.5 years of age exhibited accelerated axial elongation during school age. Future research on myopia should consider both acceleration and axial elongation.
在生长阶段，眼轴伸长速度通常会减缓；然而，在一些眼睛中，其会加速，导致学龄期近视进展。本研究调查了儿童眼部生物特征与眼轴伸长加速（AAE）之间的关联。
纵向、前瞻性、观察性研究
这项队列研究纳入了67名小学生的右眼，追踪6年（从8.5岁至14.5岁）。每年测量眼轴长度、前房深度和晶状体厚度。计算每个时间段的年眼轴伸长，并使用回归分析系数估计AAE。采用Spearman相关性分析评估第一年测量的AAE与眼部生物特征参数之间的关联。
初始年份的平均眼轴长度为23.37±0.89毫米。到第六年，平均眼轴伸长达到1.50±0.49毫米，而平均AAE记录为-0.015±0.048。AAE与第一年的眼轴长度（r = -0.40，p < 0.001）、前房深度（r = 0.33，p = 0.007）和晶状体厚度（r = -0.42，p < 0.001）显著相关。
一些8.5岁时具有远视性眼部生物特征的眼睛在学龄期表现出眼轴伸长加速。未来关于近视的研究应同时考虑加速和眼轴伸长情况。
