Seo Myong-Won, Jung Hyun-Chul, Song Jong-Kook, Kim Hyun-Bae
Department of Physical Education, College of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea.
J Exerc Rehabil. 2015 Apr 30;11(2):101-7. doi: 10.12965/jer.150196. eCollection 2015 Apr.
The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of 8 weeks pre-season training on body composition, physical fitness, anaerobic capacity, and isokinetic strength in collegiate taekwondo athletes. Thirty-four collegiate athletes (male: 22, female: 12) participated. Body composition, bone mineral density, physical fitness, anaerobic capacity, and isokinetic muscle strength were tested. After statistical analysis was performed the results indicated that there were significant decreases in body weight, percent body fat, and fat tissue after 8 weeks of pre-season training. Bone mineral density increased significantly only in males. There were significant improvements in the 50 m shuttle run and 20 m multistage endurance run in both males and females. The sit & reach test and standing long jump were not significantly changed after 8 weeks. Relative peak power and anaerobic capacity were significantly improved in males. Significant increases in angular velocity were observed for knee extension at both % BW 60°/sec and 180°/sec in both males and females. A significant increase in angular velocity was seen for right knee flexion at % BW 60°/sec for males, but it decreased at % BW 180°/sec for both males and females. In conclusion, this study suggests that 8 weeks of pre-season training has a positive effect on body composition, physical fitness, anaerobic capacity, isokinetic muscular strength, and endurance. Nevertheless, an exercise approach with the goal of increasing lean tissue, and improving power in knee flexors and flexibility of athletes, should be included in the training program.
本研究的目的是确定为期8周的季前训练对大学生跆拳道运动员身体成分、身体素质、无氧能力和等速肌力的影响。34名大学生运动员(男性:22名,女性:12名)参与了研究。对身体成分、骨密度、身体素质、无氧能力和等速肌肉力量进行了测试。经过统计分析,结果表明,经过8周的季前训练后,体重、体脂百分比和脂肪组织显著下降。骨密度仅在男性中显著增加。男性和女性的50米穿梭跑和20米多级耐力跑均有显著改善。8周后,坐位体前屈测试和立定跳远没有显著变化。男性的相对峰值功率和无氧能力显著提高。男性和女性在体重负荷60°/秒和180°/秒时,膝关节伸展的角速度均显著增加。男性在体重负荷60°/秒时右膝屈曲的角速度显著增加,但在体重负荷180°/秒时,男性和女性的角速度均下降。总之,本研究表明,8周的季前训练对身体成分、身体素质、无氧能力、等速肌肉力量和耐力有积极影响。然而,训练计划应包括以增加瘦组织、提高运动员膝屈肌力量和柔韧性为目标的运动方法。