Pascal John M, Ellenberger Tom
Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Sydney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
DNA Repair (Amst). 2015 Aug;32:10-16. doi: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2015.04.008. Epub 2015 May 1.
Human cells respond to DNA damage with an acute and transient burst in production of poly(ADP-ribose), a posttranslational modification that expedites damage repair and plays a pivotal role in cell fate decisions. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) and glycohydrolase (PARG) are the key set of enzymes that orchestrate the rise and fall in cellular levels of poly(ADP-ribose). In this perspective, we focus on recent structural and mechanistic insights into the enzymes involved in poly(ADP-ribose) production and turnover, and we highlight important questions that remain to be answered.
人类细胞会对DNA损伤做出反应，急剧且短暂地大量产生聚（ADP - 核糖），这是一种翻译后修饰，可加速损伤修复并在细胞命运决定中起关键作用。聚（ADP - 核糖）聚合酶（PARP）和糖苷水解酶（PARG）是一组关键酶，它们共同调节细胞内聚（ADP - 核糖）水平的升降。从这个角度出发，我们重点关注了近期对参与聚（ADP - 核糖）生成和周转的酶的结构及机制的见解，并强调了仍有待解答的重要问题。
