Arkoosh Mary R, Dietrich Joseph P
a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest Fisheries Science Center , Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division , 2032 Southeast OSU Drive, Newport , Oregon 97365 , USA.
J Aquat Anim Health. 2015 Jun;27(2):96-103. doi: 10.1080/08997659.2015.1019159.
Sablefish Anoplopoma fimbria are a prized seafood species due to their high oil content and white flaky flesh. Raising these species in culture can help to provide an important source of protein for humans and relief to declining wild fish populations. Understanding the environmental factors that influence the production of Sablefish is important for successful culturing. The significance of host-pathogen interactions in Sablefish culture and the resulting environmental implications are unknown. Pathogens could potentially cause losses of cultured Sablefish stocks due to disease, while Sablefish cultured in net pens may also serve as reservoirs for pathogens and potentially transmit disease to wild fish species. In this initial study, the susceptibility of juvenile Sablefish to three bacterial pathogens from the family Vibrionaceae was examined. Listonella anguillarum, Vibrio ordalii, and V. splendidus can pose serious economic threats to cultured fish and shellfish. Groups of juvenile Sablefish were exposed to five concentrations of each of the pathogens. Sablefish were susceptible to L. anguillarum, but were resistant to V. ordalii and V. splendidus at exposure concentrations of ≤ 1.32 × 10⁷ CFU/mL and ≤ 3.57 × 10⁶ CFU/mL, respectively. The greatest L. anguillarum concentration examined (8.7 × 10⁶ CFU/mL) resulted in 24% mortality in juvenile Sablefish. A 24% loss of Sablefish stock could significantly influence an aquaculture program. As determined by multiple logistic regression, the survival of Sablefish to L. anguillarum exposure was significantly affected by their body mass, and larger fish had a greater probability of survival. Aquaculture operations could employ various strategies to minimize the loss of juvenile Sablefish by accounting for their size and known susceptibilities to pathogens.
黑鲪（Anoplopoma fimbria）是一种珍贵的海鲜品种，因其含油量高且肉质呈白色片状。人工养殖这些品种有助于为人类提供重要的蛋白质来源，并缓解野生鱼类数量的下降。了解影响黑鲪产量的环境因素对于成功养殖至关重要。宿主 - 病原体相互作用在黑鲪养殖中的意义以及由此产生的环境影响尚不清楚。病原体可能会因疾病导致养殖的黑鲪种群损失，而网箱养殖的黑鲪也可能成为病原体的储存库，并有可能将疾病传播给野生鱼类物种。在这项初步研究中，检测了幼体黑鲪对弧菌科三种细菌病原体的易感性。鳗弧菌（Listonella anguillarum）、奥氏弧菌（Vibrio ordalii）和灿烂弧菌（V. splendidus）会对养殖的鱼类和贝类构成严重的经济威胁。将幼体黑鲪分组暴露于每种病原体的五个浓度下。黑鲪对鳗弧菌易感，但在暴露浓度分别≤1.32×10⁷ CFU/mL和≤3.57×10⁶ CFU/mL时，对奥氏弧菌和灿烂弧菌具有抗性。所检测到的最大鳗弧菌浓度（8.7×10⁶ CFU/mL）导致幼体黑鲪死亡率达到24%。黑鲪种群24%的损失可能会对水产养殖计划产生重大影响。通过多元逻辑回归确定，黑鲪在暴露于鳗弧菌时的存活率受其体重显著影响，较大的鱼存活概率更高。水产养殖作业可以采用各种策略，通过考虑幼体黑鲪的大小和已知的病原体易感性来尽量减少其损失。
