Al-Rubeaan Khalid, Al-Manaa Hamad, Khoja Tawfik, Ahmad Najlaa, Al-Sharqawi Ahmad, Siddiqui Khalid, AlNaqeb Dehkra, Aburisheh Khaled, Youssef Amira, Al-Batil Abdullah, Al-Otaibi Metib, Ghamdi Ali Al
Khalid Al-Rubeaan, MD, College of Medicine, King Saud University,, PO Box 18397, Riyadh 11415, Saudi Arabia, T: +966.11-4786100 ext. 5123,, F: +966-11-4775696,
Ann Saudi Med. 2014 Nov-Dec;34(6):465-75. doi: 10.5144/0256-4947.2014.465.
Saudi Arabia underwent opulence-driven socio-cultural and lifestyle changes leading to soaring rates of diabetes mellitus. This study exposes the epidemiology of abnormal glucose metabolism namely: diabetes and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in 13 administrative regions of Saudi Arabia.
This is a nationwide, household, population-based cross-sectional study that was conducted through primary health care centers during the period 2007-2009.
A nationwide, household, population-based cohort of 53370 participants aged 0-100 years adjusted to be compatible with population census was interviewed and anthropometric measures were collected. Fasting blood sample was used to screen for IFG and diabetes.
The overall prevalence of abnormal glucose metabolism was 34.5%, which included 22.6% patients with IFG, 11.9% patients with diabetes, and 6.2% patients who unaware of their disease. Diabetes prevalence was 40.2% for subjects aged >=45 years and 25.4% for those aged >=30 years that decreased to 11.9% when the full age spectrum was considered. Type 1 diabetes prevalence was 0. 8%, contributing only to 6.6% of the total population of patients with diabetes. The top 5 regions with the highest abnormal glucose metabolism prevalence were Makkah (43.4%), Aljouf (41.7%), Eastern region (37.16%), Madinah (35.4%), and Qassim (33.7%). Urbanization, age, and obesity were behind the wide variations in diabetes and IFG prevalence in the 13 regions.
Abnormal glucose metabolism has reached an epidemic state in Saudi Arabia, where one-third of the population is affected and half of diabetic cases were unaware of their disease. This observation warrants an urgent strategy for launching diabetes primary prevention and screening programs.
沙特阿拉伯经历了由富裕驱动的社会文化和生活方式变化，导致糖尿病发病率飙升。本研究揭示了沙特阿拉伯13个行政区异常葡萄糖代谢的流行病学情况，即糖尿病和空腹血糖受损（IFG）。
这是一项在2007年至2009年期间通过初级卫生保健中心进行的全国性、基于家庭、以人群为基础的横断面研究。
对一个全国性、基于家庭、年龄在0至100岁且经调整与人口普查数据相匹配的53370名参与者组成的队列进行了访谈，并收集了人体测量数据。采用空腹血样筛查IFG和糖尿病。
异常葡萄糖代谢的总体患病率为34.5%，其中IFG患者占22.6%，糖尿病患者占11.9%，还有6.2%的患者未意识到自己患病。年龄≥45岁的受试者糖尿病患病率为40.2%，年龄≥30岁的受试者为25.4%，而考虑全年龄段时患病率降至11.9%。1型糖尿病患病率为0.8%，仅占糖尿病患者总数的6.6%。异常葡萄糖代谢患病率最高的前5个地区是麦加（43.4%）、阿尔朱夫（41.7%）、东部地区（37.16%）、麦地那（35.4%）和卡西姆（33.7%）。城市化、年龄和肥胖是导致这13个地区糖尿病和IFG患病率差异巨大的原因。
在沙特阿拉伯，异常葡萄糖代谢已达到流行状态，三分之一的人口受到影响，一半的糖尿病患者未意识到自己患病。这一观察结果表明迫切需要制定一项开展糖尿病一级预防和筛查项目的战略。
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