Foutz Julia, Mezuk Briana
Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.
Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States; Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States; Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
Schizophr Res. 2015 Jul;165(2-3):123-7. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.04.014. Epub 2015 May 9.
Between 2% and 12% of adults in the general population report experiencing psychotic-like symptoms, and there is suggestive evidence that these symptoms are associated with risk of schizophrenia and other forms of psychopathology. Older parental age is an established risk factor for schizophrenia, however few studies have attempted to extend this relationship to psychotic-like symptoms. Data come from the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication and analysis is restricted to a subset of respondents who completed questions on psychosis (N=924). Lifetime occurrence of six psychotic-like symptoms (i.e., see a vision others couldn't see, hear voices others couldn't hear) was assessed by self-report. These symptoms were combined into a single binary (any vs. none) variable and analyzed using logistic regression, accounting for the complex survey design. Models were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, marital status, birth order, and history of mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Approximately 9% (n=103) of respondents reported at least one psychotic-like symptom. In fully-adjusted models, paternal age was significantly associated with experiencing psychotic-like symptoms (χ(2)=13.34, p=.010). Relative to respondents whose fathers were aged 25 to 29 at the time of their birth, those with fathers aged >35 had 2.12 times higher odds (95% confidence interval: 1.08-4.16) of psychotic-like symptoms. There was no relationship between maternal age (younger or older) and psychotic-like symptoms (χ(2)=0.54, p=.909). Older paternal, but not maternal, age at birth is associated with psychotic-like symptoms in adult offspring.
普通人群中2%至12%的成年人报告称经历过类精神病症状，有提示性证据表明这些症状与精神分裂症及其他形式精神病理学的风险相关。较高的父母年龄是精神分裂症的一个既定风险因素，然而很少有研究尝试将这种关系扩展至类精神病症状。数据来自全国共病调查复制版，分析仅限于完成了精神病相关问题的部分受访者（N = 924）。通过自我报告评估六种类精神病症状（即看到别人看不到的幻象、听到别人听不到的声音）的终生发生率。这些症状被合并为一个单一的二元变量（有任何症状与无任何症状），并使用逻辑回归进行分析，同时考虑了复杂的调查设计。模型针对年龄、性别、种族/族裔、社会经济地位、婚姻状况、出生顺序以及情绪、焦虑和物质使用障碍史进行了调整。约9%（n = 103）的受访者报告至少有一种类精神病症状。在完全调整后的模型中，父亲年龄与经历类精神病症状显著相关（χ(2)=13.34，p = 0.010）。与出生时父亲年龄在25至29岁的受访者相比，父亲年龄大于35岁的受访者出现类精神病症状的几率高2.12倍（95%置信区间：1.08 - 4.16）。母亲年龄（无论年轻或年长）与类精神病症状之间无关联（χ(2)=0.54，p = 0.909）。出生时父亲年龄较大而非母亲年龄较大与成年子女的类精神病症状相关。
