Lakhan Shaheen E, Ford Christopher T, Tepper Deborah
Global Neuroscience Initiative Foundation, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Nutr J. 2015 May 14;14:50. doi: 10.1186/s12937-015-0038-8.
Members of the family Zingiberaceae including turmeric, ginger, Javanese ginger, and galangal have been used for centuries in traditional medicine. Preclinical studies of Zingiberaceae extracts have shown analgesic properties. This study aims to systematically review and meta-analyze whether extracts from Zingiberaceae are clinically effective hypoalgesic agents.
Literature was screened from electronic databases using the key words Zingiberaceae AND pain OR visual analogue score (VAS) to identify randomized trials. From this search, 18 studies were identified, and of these, 8 randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trials were found that measured pain by VAS for inclusion in the meta-analysis.
Findings indicated significant efficacy of Zingiberaceae extracts in reducing subjective chronic pain (SMD - 0.67; 95 % CI - 1.13 to - 0.21; P = 0.004). A linear dose-effect relationship was apparent between studies (R(2) = 0.71). All studies included in the systematic review reported a good safety profile for extracts, without the renal risks associated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and with similar effectiveness.
Our findings indicated that Zingiberaceae extracts are clinically effective hypoalgesic agents and the available data show a better safety profile than non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. However, both non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and Zingiberaceae have been associated with a heightened bleeding risk, and there have been no comparator trials of this risk. Further clinical studies are recommended to identify the most effective type of Zingiberaceae extract and rigorously compare safety, including bleeding risk.
姜科植物家族成员，包括姜黄、生姜、爪哇姜和高良姜，在传统医学中已使用了数百年。姜科植物提取物的临床前研究已显示出镇痛特性。本研究旨在系统评价和荟萃分析姜科植物提取物是否为临床上有效的减痛药物。
使用关键词“姜科植物”以及“疼痛”或“视觉模拟评分（VAS）”从电子数据库中筛选文献，以识别随机试验。通过该检索，共识别出18项研究，其中发现8项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验通过VAS测量疼痛，纳入荟萃分析。
研究结果表明，姜科植物提取物在减轻主观慢性疼痛方面具有显著疗效（标准化均数差 -0.67；95%置信区间 -1.13至 -0.21；P = 0.004）。各研究之间呈现明显的线性剂量效应关系（R² = 0.71）。纳入系统评价的所有研究均报告提取物具有良好的安全性，没有与非甾体抗炎药相关的肾脏风险，且有效性相似。
我们的研究结果表明，姜科植物提取物是临床上有效的减痛药物，现有数据显示其安全性优于非甾体抗炎药。然而，非甾体抗炎药和姜科植物都与出血风险增加有关，且尚无关于该风险的对比试验。建议进一步开展临床研究，以确定最有效的姜科植物提取物类型，并严格比较安全性，包括出血风险。
