Giorgi G, Leon Perez J M, Montani F, Courcy F, Arcangeli G
Department of Psychology, European University of Rome,Via degli Aldobrandeschi 190, 00163 Roma, Italy,
Business Research Unit, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), 1649-026 Lisbon, Portugal.
Occup Med (Lond). 2015 Jun;65(4):290-5. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqv051.
External/intrusive violence at work can result in psychological distress and can be an important risk to employee health and safety. However, the vast majority of workplace violence studies have employed cross-sectional and correlational research, designed to examine immediate reactions after being assaulted at work.
To explore whether exposure to robbery as a traumatic event may contribute to the onset of typical symptoms of psychological distress (anxiety depression, dysphoria and loss of confidence) and job dissatisfaction over time.
We collected data by using a two-wave panel design, in which employees working the days of bank robberies, in an Italian bank, filled in a questionnaire between 48h and 1 week after the robbery (T1) and 2 months after the robbery (T2). We performed structural equation models to evaluate the fit of different models to our data.
There were 513 participants at T1 (58% women) and 175 (34%) participants at T2 (62% women). There was a simultaneous association in which psychological distress leads to job dissatisfaction both following robbery and 2 months later.
Our findings support a synchronous effects model and suggest that interventions after suffering physical assaults, apart from helping employees to recover their health, should consider restoring their trust and confidence in the organization. This study contributes to understanding the dynamic relationships between a robbery at work and its outcomes over time, by addressing several methodological deficiencies in previous longitudinal studies.
工作场所的外部/侵入性暴力会导致心理困扰，并且可能对员工的健康和安全构成重大风险。然而，绝大多数工作场所暴力研究采用的是横断面研究和相关性研究，旨在考察在工作中遭受攻击后的即时反应。
探讨经历抢劫这一创伤性事件是否会随着时间的推移导致心理困扰（焦虑、抑郁、烦躁和信心丧失）的典型症状以及工作满意度下降。
我们采用两阶段面板设计收集数据，在意大利一家银行，在银行抢劫发生当天工作的员工在抢劫后48小时至1周内（T1）以及抢劫后2个月（T2）填写问卷。我们进行了结构方程模型分析，以评估不同模型与我们数据的拟合度。
T1时有513名参与者（58%为女性），T2时有175名参与者（34%）（62%为女性）。存在一种同时性关联，即在抢劫后以及2个月后，心理困扰都会导致工作满意度下降。
我们的研究结果支持同步效应模型，并表明遭受身体攻击后的干预措施，除了帮助员工恢复健康外，还应考虑恢复他们对组织的信任和信心。本研究通过解决以往纵向研究中的几个方法学缺陷，有助于理解工作场所抢劫与其随时间产生的结果之间的动态关系。
