Setti Ilaria, van der Velden Peter G, Sommovigo Valentina, Ferretti Maria S, Giorgi Gabriele, O'Shea Deirdre, Argentero Piergiorgio
Unit of Applied Psychology, Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
INTERVICT, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands.
Front Psychol. 2018 Feb 20;9:168. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00168. eCollection 2018.
Thefts and robberies may be traumatizing experiences for employees. The aim of this study is to explore to what extent experiencing robberies and/or thefts at work affect workers' mental health, coping-self-efficacy, social support seeking, workload and job satisfaction. Drawing on Conservation of Resources theory, this research contributes to our understanding of the psychological sequelae of robbery and theft for employees working in small businesses. The few studies on the effects of robberies and thefts in the past have predominantly focused on bank employees. A sample of Italian tobacconists and jewelers completed an anonymous self-report questionnaire examining the experience of robbery and/or theft, social support seeking (Coping Orientation to Problem Experienced scale, COPE-IV), psycho-somatic well-being (General Health Questionnaire, GHQ-12), job satisfaction (a single item). Victims of thefts and/or robberies reported their PTSD symptoms (Impact of Event- Revised 6, IES-R-6) and trauma-related coping self-efficacy (Coping Self-Efficacy scale, CSE-7), based on the last event ( = 319). Descriptive analyses, ANOVA, ANCOVA and multiple regressions analyses have been carried out. The results indicated that victims of thefts and robberies experienced greater workload, higher psycho-physical complaints and greater tendency to seek social support in comparison with their non-affected counterparts. They additionally experienced more post-traumatic symptomatology and perceived lower coping self-efficacy, when compared to those who experienced thefts "only." Multiple regression analyses revealed that CSE was positively related to job satisfaction, although the presence of psycho-physical symptoms was the main predictor of job satisfaction among both non-affected and affected employees. PTSD was not an independent predictor of job satisfaction. In sum, robberies and/or thefts exposure undermines differently workers' well-being.
盗窃和抢劫对员工来说可能是创伤性经历。本研究旨在探讨在工作中经历抢劫和/或盗窃在多大程度上会影响员工的心理健康、应对自我效能感、寻求社会支持的情况、工作量和工作满意度。基于资源守恒理论，本研究有助于我们理解小企业员工遭遇抢劫和盗窃后的心理后遗症。过去关于抢劫和盗窃影响的少数研究主要集中在银行员工身上。一组意大利烟草商和珠宝商完成了一份匿名自陈问卷，该问卷调查了抢劫和/或盗窃经历、寻求社会支持的情况（问题应对取向量表第四版，COPE-IV）、身心健康状况（一般健康问卷，GHQ-12）以及工作满意度（一个单项）。盗窃和/或抢劫的受害者根据最近发生的事件（n = 319）报告了他们的创伤后应激障碍症状（事件影响修订版6，IES-R-6）和与创伤相关的应对自我效能感（应对自我效能量表，CSE-7）。进行了描述性分析、方差分析、协方差分析和多元回归分析。结果表明，与未受影响的员工相比，盗窃和抢劫的受害者经历了更大的工作量、更多的身心不适以及更强的寻求社会支持的倾向。此外，与仅经历盗窃的员工相比，他们还经历了更多的创伤后症状，且感知到的应对自我效能感更低。多元回归分析显示，应对自我效能感与工作满意度呈正相关，尽管身心症状的存在是未受影响和受影响员工工作满意度的主要预测因素。创伤后应激障碍并非工作满意度的独立预测因素。总之，遭遇抢劫和/或盗窃会以不同方式损害员工的幸福感。
